Pulmicort
Generic Name
Budesonide 100 mcg Nasal Spray
Manufacturer
AstraZeneca
Country
Sweden / UK (global)
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| pulmicort 100 mcg nasal spray | ৳ 250.75 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Pulmicort 100 mcg Nasal Spray contains budesonide, a corticosteroid used to relieve symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, as well as to treat nasal polyps.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For allergic rhinitis: Typically 1-2 sprays (50-100 mcg) per nostril once daily. For nasal polyps: 1 spray (50 mcg) per nostril twice daily or 2 sprays (100 mcg) per nostril once daily.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment required; adult dosage applies.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment is generally necessary.
How to Take
Before first use, or if not used for an extended period, prime the pump by spraying several times into the air until a fine mist appears. Shake the bottle gently before each use. Clear your nasal passages. Tilt your head forward slightly and insert the nozzle into one nostril. Close the other nostril with your finger. Press down firmly on the applicator to release a spray while sniffing gently. Breathe out through your mouth. Repeat for the other nostril. Wipe the nozzle clean and replace the cap.
Mechanism of Action
Budesonide is a potent glucocorticoid that exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activity. It reduces inflammation by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators and modulating immune responses in the nasal mucosa.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Clinical improvement may be seen within a few hours, but maximal relief of symptoms may take several days of regular use (typically 3-7 days).
Excretion
Excreted primarily via urine (60%) and feces (40%) as metabolites.
Half life
Plasma half-life is approximately 2 to 3 hours in adults.
Absorption
Low systemic bioavailability (approximately 6-16%) due to extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver and gastrointestinal tract.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to budesonide or any component of the formulation
- Untreated localized infection involving the nasal mucosa
Drug Interactions
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Ritonavir)
These drugs can significantly increase systemic exposure to budesonide, potentially leading to systemic corticosteroid effects. Concomitant use should be avoided or carefully monitored.
Storage
Store at room temperature (15°C to 30°C). Do not freeze. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose with budesonide nasal spray is unlikely to cause clinically significant problems. Chronic overdose may lead to signs of hypercorticism (e.g., Cushing's syndrome) due to systemic corticosteroid effects. Management is supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B (older classification) / C (some resources): Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Budesonide is considered compatible with breastfeeding due to low systemic absorption when administered nasally.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to budesonide or any component of the formulation
- Untreated localized infection involving the nasal mucosa
Drug Interactions
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Ritonavir)
These drugs can significantly increase systemic exposure to budesonide, potentially leading to systemic corticosteroid effects. Concomitant use should be avoided or carefully monitored.
Storage
Store at room temperature (15°C to 30°C). Do not freeze. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose with budesonide nasal spray is unlikely to cause clinically significant problems. Chronic overdose may lead to signs of hypercorticism (e.g., Cushing's syndrome) due to systemic corticosteroid effects. Management is supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B (older classification) / C (some resources): Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Budesonide is considered compatible with breastfeeding due to low systemic absorption when administered nasally.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date. Refer to product packaging for specific expiry.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved (FDA, EMA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Patent expired for generic Budesonide
Clinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of budesonide nasal spray for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps in various patient populations.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor growth in pediatric patients on prolonged therapy
- Consider ophthalmologic exams if there is a history of glaucoma or cataracts, or with prolonged use.
Doctor Notes
- Educate patients on proper administration technique.
- Advise patients that full therapeutic effect may take several days.
- Monitor children for growth during prolonged therapy.
- Consider ophthalmologic evaluation for patients with a history of ocular hypertension or glaucoma.
Patient Guidelines
- Use regularly as prescribed for best results.
- Do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Avoid spraying into the eyes.
- Do not stop using abruptly without consulting a doctor.
- Clean the nozzle after each use.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Budesonide nasal spray is not known to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Identify and avoid known allergens.
- Keep living spaces clean and dust-free.
- Avoid smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke.
- Stay hydrated.
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