Radimet
Generic Name
Metformin Hydrochloride
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
radimet 850 mg tablet | ৳ 6.00 | ৳ 60.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Radimet 850 mg tablet contains Metformin Hydrochloride, an oral antidiabetic medication used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps lower blood glucose levels by decreasing glucose production in the liver, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose is usually 500 mg or 850 mg once or twice daily. The dose can be gradually increased. The maximum recommended daily dose is 2550 mg, divided into 2-3 doses. Radimet 850 mg tablet is typically taken 1 tablet once or twice daily with or after meals.
Elderly
The initial dose should be chosen cautiously, considering the potential for decreased renal function. Renal function should be monitored regularly.
Renal_impairment
Metformin is contraindicated in patients with an eGFR below 30 mL/min/1.73 m². Dosage adjustments are required for eGFR between 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m².
How to Take
Take Radimet 850 mg tablet orally with or after meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water, do not chew or crush it.
Mechanism of Action
Metformin works primarily by decreasing hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis), decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and by improving insulin sensitivity (increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization). Unlike sulfonylureas, it does not stimulate insulin secretion and therefore does not cause hypoglycemia in monotherapy.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 2-3 hours for immediate-release formulations.
Excretion
Renal excretion is the major route of elimination.
Half life
The plasma elimination half-life is approximately 6.2 hours.
Absorption
Absolute bioavailability of a Metformin 500 mg tablet administered under fasting conditions is approximately 50-60%. Food decreases the extent and slightly delays the absorption.
Metabolism
Metformin is excreted unchanged in the urine; no hepatic metabolism or biliary excretion has been observed.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Metformin or any of its excipients.
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²).
- Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma.
- Severe hepatic impairment, acute alcohol intoxication, dehydration, or conditions predisposing to lactic acidosis (e.g., heart failure requiring pharmacological treatment).
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Potentiates the effect of Metformin on lactate metabolism and increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
Cimetidine
Increases Metformin plasma concentration by reducing its renal clearance.
Iodinated contrast media
Temporarily discontinue Metformin before or at the time of an iodinated contrast imaging procedure and for at least 48 hours afterward.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g., Topiramate)
May increase the risk of lactic acidosis.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose of Metformin has been reported, including ingestion of amounts greater than 50 grams. Hypoglycemia has been reported in approximately 10% of cases, but lactic acidosis is the primary and most serious complication of Metformin overdose. Treatment of lactic acidosis requires supportive therapy, including hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no risk to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Metformin is excreted into human milk, so a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Metformin or any of its excipients.
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²).
- Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma.
- Severe hepatic impairment, acute alcohol intoxication, dehydration, or conditions predisposing to lactic acidosis (e.g., heart failure requiring pharmacological treatment).
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Potentiates the effect of Metformin on lactate metabolism and increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
Cimetidine
Increases Metformin plasma concentration by reducing its renal clearance.
Iodinated contrast media
Temporarily discontinue Metformin before or at the time of an iodinated contrast imaging procedure and for at least 48 hours afterward.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g., Topiramate)
May increase the risk of lactic acidosis.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose of Metformin has been reported, including ingestion of amounts greater than 50 grams. Hypoglycemia has been reported in approximately 10% of cases, but lactic acidosis is the primary and most serious complication of Metformin overdose. Treatment of lactic acidosis requires supportive therapy, including hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no risk to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Metformin is excreted into human milk, so a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture, specific expiry date mentioned on the packaging.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Metformin has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials, establishing its efficacy and safety in managing type 2 diabetes. Landmark studies like the UKPDS (United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study) demonstrated its long-term benefits.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (eGFR) should be assessed before initiating Metformin and at least annually thereafter.
- Hematologic parameters (e.g., Vitamin B12 levels) should be monitored annually, especially in patients with peripheral neuropathy or anemia.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on the importance of diet, exercise, and adherence to medication for optimal glycemic control.
- Advise patients to report any signs of lactic acidosis promptly.
- Screen for renal function before initiating and periodically during treatment.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking Metformin without consulting your doctor, even if you feel well.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
- Report any unusual symptoms, especially severe gastrointestinal upset, muscle pain, or unusual tiredness, as these could be signs of lactic acidosis.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Metformin monotherapy does not usually cause hypoglycemia and therefore should not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if used in combination with other antidiabetic agents that can cause hypoglycemia (e.g., sulfonylureas, insulin), patients should be warned about the risk of hypoglycemia and advised to take precautions.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet as recommended by your healthcare provider.
- Engage in regular physical activity.
- Monitor your blood glucose levels regularly as instructed by your doctor.
- Limit alcohol consumption.
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