Rinobil
Generic Name
Rifaximin
Manufacturer
ACI Limited
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| rinobil 20 mg tablet | ৳ 15.00 | ৳ 150.00 |
| rinobil 125 mg oral solution | ৳ 75.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Rifaximin is a non-systemic antibiotic used to treat various gastrointestinal conditions such as traveler's diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), and hepatic encephalopathy. It works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis in the gut.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Traveler's Diarrhea: 200 mg orally three times daily for 3 days. IBS-D: 550 mg orally three times daily for 14 days, may be repeated twice if symptoms recur. Hepatic Encephalopathy: 550 mg orally twice daily.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is necessary for elderly patients.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment required for patients with renal impairment due to minimal systemic absorption.
How to Take
Rinobil tablets should be taken orally with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Rifaximin works by binding to the beta-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis and protein production. This action is localized to the gastrointestinal tract due to its poor systemic absorption.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action varies depending on the indication (e.g., traveler's diarrhea symptoms may improve within 24 hours).
Excretion
Predominantly excreted unchanged in feces (over 96% of the administered dose).
Half life
Plasma half-life is approximately 5-6 hours, but this is less relevant due to minimal systemic absorption.
Absorption
Minimally absorbed systemically (<0.4%) after oral administration, allowing for localized action in the gut.
Metabolism
Minimal hepatic metabolism via CYP3A4, but most of the drug remains in the gastrointestinal tract.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to rifaximin or any component of the formulation
- Severe diarrhea complicated by fever or blood in the stool
- Diarrhea caused by pathogens other than non-invasive E. coli
Drug Interactions
General
Rifaximin is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and an inducer of CYP3A4. Co-administration with P-gp inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine) may significantly increase systemic exposure to rifaximin. However, due to minimal systemic absorption, clinically significant interactions are rare.
Storage
Store below 30°C, in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment and supportive measures are recommended. Due to minimal systemic absorption, systemic toxicity is unlikely.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown if rifaximin is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to rifaximin or any component of the formulation
- Severe diarrhea complicated by fever or blood in the stool
- Diarrhea caused by pathogens other than non-invasive E. coli
Drug Interactions
General
Rifaximin is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and an inducer of CYP3A4. Co-administration with P-gp inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine) may significantly increase systemic exposure to rifaximin. However, due to minimal systemic absorption, clinically significant interactions are rare.
Storage
Store below 30°C, in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment and supportive measures are recommended. Due to minimal systemic absorption, systemic toxicity is unlikely.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown if rifaximin is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities (e.g., DGDA, FDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
Clinical Trials
Extensively studied in clinical trials for its approved indications, demonstrating efficacy in traveler's diarrhea, IBS-D, and hepatic encephalopathy.
Lab Monitoring
- No routine lab monitoring is generally required. Monitor for resolution of symptoms.
Doctor Notes
- Prescribe carefully for patients with known severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh C) as systemic exposure might be increased.
- Advise patients not to use for systemic infections as it is poorly absorbed.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not use for diarrhea with fever or bloody stools.
- Consult your doctor if symptoms worsen or do not improve within a few days.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Rinobil generally has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, if you experience dizziness, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain adequate hydration, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid foods that worsen your gastrointestinal symptoms.
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