Ropinol
Generic Name
Ropinirole
Manufacturer
Acme Pharma Co.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ropinol 2 mg tablet | ৳ 6.00 | ৳ 60.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ropinirole is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist used to treat the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease and moderate-to-severe primary Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For Parkinson's disease: Initial dose 0.25 mg three times daily, gradually increased weekly based on response and tolerability, up to a maximum of 24 mg/day. For Restless Legs Syndrome: Initial dose 0.25 mg once daily, 1-3 hours before bedtime, may be increased up to 4 mg/day.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients due to potential decreased renal clearance and increased sensitivity.
Renal_impairment
For patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min), initial dose should be reduced by 50% for Parkinson's disease. For RLS, no adjustment needed for moderate to severe impairment.
How to Take
Administer orally, with or without food. To reduce nausea, it is recommended to take with food.
Mechanism of Action
Ropinirole is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist with high affinity for D2 and D3 dopamine receptors, which are thought to be involved in the control of motor function and the regulation of sleep-wake cycles.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of therapeutic effect is gradual, usually within days to weeks of initiating therapy for Parkinson's disease, and within a few days for RLS.
Excretion
Excreted primarily in the urine as metabolites, with less than 10% excreted as unchanged drug.
Half life
Elimination half-life is approximately 6 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration, peak plasma concentration reached in 1-2 hours. Absolute bioavailability is approximately 55%.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP1A2, to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ropinirole or any component of the formulation
Drug Interactions
Estrogens
May decrease ropinirole clearance, potentially increasing ropinirole levels. Dose adjustment may be necessary.
Fluvoxamine
Potent CYP1A2 inhibitor, significantly increases ropinirole exposure. Co-administration should be avoided or ropinirole dose reduced.
Ciprofloxacin
May increase ropinirole plasma concentrations due to CYP1A2 inhibition, requiring dose adjustment of ropinirole.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, somnolence, hyperkinesia, chest pain, and confusion. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Gastric lavage may be considered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown if ropinirole is excreted in human milk; caution is advised in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ropinirole or any component of the formulation
Drug Interactions
Estrogens
May decrease ropinirole clearance, potentially increasing ropinirole levels. Dose adjustment may be necessary.
Fluvoxamine
Potent CYP1A2 inhibitor, significantly increases ropinirole exposure. Co-administration should be avoided or ropinirole dose reduced.
Ciprofloxacin
May increase ropinirole plasma concentrations due to CYP1A2 inhibition, requiring dose adjustment of ropinirole.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, somnolence, hyperkinesia, chest pain, and confusion. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Gastric lavage may be considered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown if ropinirole is excreted in human milk; caution is advised in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Off-patent
Clinical Trials
Ropinirole has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating efficacy in improving motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and reducing the severity and frequency of RLS symptoms. Key trials involved double-blind, placebo-controlled studies.
Lab Monitoring
- No specific routine lab monitoring required. Monitor blood pressure, especially for orthostatic hypotension.
Doctor Notes
- Initiate treatment with low doses and gradually titrate based on patient response and tolerability.
- Counsel patients about potential side effects, including somnolence, sudden sleep attacks, and impulse control disorders.
- Regularly assess for efficacy and adverse effects, especially regarding RLS augmentation and psychiatric symptoms.
Patient Guidelines
- Take this medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking this medicine abruptly without consulting your doctor, as it can worsen symptoms or cause withdrawal effects.
- Be aware of potential drowsiness and sudden sleep attacks; avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness or sudden sleep attacks. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating hazardous machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet.
- Avoid alcohol and other sedatives, as they can exacerbate drowsiness.
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