sacutril
Generic Name
sacubitril and valsartan
Manufacturer
General Pharmaceutical Co. (Example)
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
sacutril 49 mg tablet | ৳ 75.00 | ৳ 750.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Sacubitril/valsartan is a combination medication used to treat chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). It works by enhancing the protective neurohormonal systems and inhibiting the harmful effects of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose: 49 mg sacubitril/51 mg valsartan orally twice daily. May be doubled at 2-4 week intervals to a target dose of 97 mg sacubitril/103 mg valsartan twice daily, if tolerated.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is required based on age, but consider starting at the lowest dose and titrating slowly.
Renal_impairment
Mild to moderate renal impairment: No initial dose adjustment. Severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²): Initial dose 24 mg sacubitril/26 mg valsartan orally twice daily.
How to Take
Take orally, with or without food, twice daily (morning and evening). Swallow the tablet whole.
Mechanism of Action
Sacubitril is a neprilysin inhibitor that increases levels of natriuretic peptides, leading to vasodilation, natriuresis, and diuresis. Valsartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that blocks the effects of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced aldosterone secretion.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Pharmacodynamic effects observed within hours.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine (sacubitrilat and valsartan) and feces (valsartan).
Half life
Sacubitrilat: approximately 9.9-10.4 hours; Valsartan: approximately 9.9 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed. Sacubitril is metabolized to the active metabolite sacubitrilat. Valsartan is minimally metabolized.
Metabolism
Sacubitril is rapidly converted to sacubitrilat by esterases. Valsartan undergoes minimal hepatic metabolism.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients.
- Concomitant use with ACE inhibitors (a 36-hour washout period is required between stopping ACEI and starting sacubitril/valsartan).
- History of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy.
- Hereditary or idiopathic angioedema.
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m²).
- Severe hepatic impairment, biliary cirrhosis and cholestasis.
- Pregnancy.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of renal impairment, especially in elderly, volume-depleted, or those with compromised renal function.
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity.
Aliskiren
Increased risk of hyperkalemia, hypotension, and renal impairment. Contraindicated in diabetics or those with renal impairment.
ACE Inhibitors
Increased risk of angioedema. Contraindicated. Requires a 36-hour washout period.
Statins (e.g., simvastatin)
Sacubitrilat inhibits OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, potentially increasing exposure to statins.
Other Antihypertensive Agents
Additive hypotensive effect.
Potassium-sparing Diuretics / Potassium Supplements
Increased risk of hyperkalemia.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Limited data on overdose. The most likely symptoms are severe hypotension, which may be managed by symptomatic treatment. If symptomatic hypotension occurs, supportive therapy (e.g., intravenous fluids) should be administered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
CONTRAINDICATED in pregnancy due to risk of fetal injury or death. It is not known whether sacubitril/valsartan is excreted in human milk; however, due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients.
- Concomitant use with ACE inhibitors (a 36-hour washout period is required between stopping ACEI and starting sacubitril/valsartan).
- History of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy.
- Hereditary or idiopathic angioedema.
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m²).
- Severe hepatic impairment, biliary cirrhosis and cholestasis.
- Pregnancy.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of renal impairment, especially in elderly, volume-depleted, or those with compromised renal function.
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity.
Aliskiren
Increased risk of hyperkalemia, hypotension, and renal impairment. Contraindicated in diabetics or those with renal impairment.
ACE Inhibitors
Increased risk of angioedema. Contraindicated. Requires a 36-hour washout period.
Statins (e.g., simvastatin)
Sacubitrilat inhibits OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, potentially increasing exposure to statins.
Other Antihypertensive Agents
Additive hypotensive effect.
Potassium-sparing Diuretics / Potassium Supplements
Increased risk of hyperkalemia.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Limited data on overdose. The most likely symptoms are severe hypotension, which may be managed by symptomatic treatment. If symptomatic hypotension occurs, supportive therapy (e.g., intravenous fluids) should be administered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
CONTRAINDICATED in pregnancy due to risk of fetal injury or death. It is not known whether sacubitril/valsartan is excreted in human milk; however, due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months, refer to product packaging for exact expiry date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies worldwide
Approval Status
FDA approved
Patent Status
Patented, generic versions available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
The efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan were established in major clinical trials, most notably PARADIGM-HF, which demonstrated superiority over enalapril in reducing cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalizations in HFrEF patients.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum potassium levels
- Renal function (creatinine, eGFR)
- Blood pressure monitoring
Doctor Notes
- Initiate sacubitril/valsartan after a 36-hour washout period from ACE inhibitors.
- Monitor blood pressure, serum potassium, and renal function (eGFR) at baseline and periodically.
- Educate patients on symptoms of angioedema and the need for immediate medical attention.
- Consider lower starting doses in patients with severe renal impairment or those previously on low-dose ACEI/ARB.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine regularly as prescribed, do not stop without consulting your doctor.
- Monitor your blood pressure and report any signs of angioedema (swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat).
- Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium unless advised by your doctor.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or fatigue, especially at the start of treatment or when increasing the dose. Patients should be cautious when driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Adopt a low-sodium diet to help manage blood pressure and fluid retention.
- Maintain regular physical activity as advised by your doctor.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
- Stop smoking.
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