Semaglo-OB
Generic Name
Semaglutide
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| semaglo ob 025 mg injection | ৳ 450.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose is typically 0.25 mg subcutaneously once weekly for 4 weeks. Then, increase to 0.5 mg once weekly. For weight management, further titration to higher doses (e.g., 1.0 mg, 1.7 mg, 2.4 mg) may occur based on patient tolerance and clinical response.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is required based on age. However, caution should be exercised due to potential for decreased renal function in elderly patients.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment is needed for patients with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment. Limited experience in patients with end-stage renal disease, use with caution.
How to Take
Administer subcutaneously once weekly on the same day each week, at any time of day, with or without meals. Inject into the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. Rotate injection sites.
Mechanism of Action
Mimics the action of natural GLP-1 by binding to GLP-1 receptors, stimulating insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon secretion, delaying gastric emptying, and reducing appetite.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Blood glucose lowering effects can be observed within 24 hours. Weight loss effects are gradual and observed over several weeks/months.
Excretion
Excreted primarily via urine (approximately 2/3) and feces (approximately 1/3) as intact semaglutide and metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 1 week (165-184 hours), supporting once-weekly dosing.
Absorption
Slow absorption after subcutaneous injection, reaching peak plasma concentrations in 1 to 3 days. Absolute bioavailability is approximately 89%.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized by proteolytic cleavage of the peptide backbone, followed by sequential beta-oxidation of the fatty acid side chain; not metabolized via CYP enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).
- Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2).
- Known hypersensitivity to semaglutide or any components of the injection.
- Previous history of pancreatitis with GLP-1 receptor agonists (use with caution).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potential increase in INR (International Normalized Ratio). Monitor INR carefully when initiating or adjusting semaglutide dose.
Oral Medications
Semaglutide delays gastric emptying, potentially affecting the absorption of orally administered medications. Monitor patients taking oral medications with a narrow therapeutic index.
Insulin Secretagogues (e.g., sulfonylureas) or Insulin
Increased risk of hypoglycemia when co-administered. Dose reduction of insulin or sulfonylurea may be required.
Storage
Store unopened pens in a refrigerator (2°C to 8°C). Do not freeze. Protect from light. After first use, can be stored for up to 6 weeks at room temperature (below 30°C) or in the refrigerator (2°C to 8°C).
Overdose
Overdose may result in severe nausea, vomiting, and severe hypoglycemia (especially if co-administered with sulfonylurea or insulin). Management involves supportive care and careful monitoring for hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Discontinue at least 2 months before planned pregnancy. Excreted into breast milk in rats; unknown in human breast milk. Consider the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding along with the mother’s clinical need for Semaglutide and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).
- Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2).
- Known hypersensitivity to semaglutide or any components of the injection.
- Previous history of pancreatitis with GLP-1 receptor agonists (use with caution).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potential increase in INR (International Normalized Ratio). Monitor INR carefully when initiating or adjusting semaglutide dose.
Oral Medications
Semaglutide delays gastric emptying, potentially affecting the absorption of orally administered medications. Monitor patients taking oral medications with a narrow therapeutic index.
Insulin Secretagogues (e.g., sulfonylureas) or Insulin
Increased risk of hypoglycemia when co-administered. Dose reduction of insulin or sulfonylurea may be required.
Storage
Store unopened pens in a refrigerator (2°C to 8°C). Do not freeze. Protect from light. After first use, can be stored for up to 6 weeks at room temperature (below 30°C) or in the refrigerator (2°C to 8°C).
Overdose
Overdose may result in severe nausea, vomiting, and severe hypoglycemia (especially if co-administered with sulfonylurea or insulin). Management involves supportive care and careful monitoring for hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Discontinue at least 2 months before planned pregnancy. Excreted into breast milk in rats; unknown in human breast milk. Consider the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding along with the mother’s clinical need for Semaglutide and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
3 years (unopened, refrigerated). 6 weeks (after first use, at room temperature or refrigerated).
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
FDA approved for Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Weight Management
Patent Status
Patented
Clinical Trials
Semaglutide has been evaluated in extensive clinical trial programs (e.g., SUSTAIN program for T2DM and STEP program for weight management), demonstrating significant efficacy in glycemic control and body weight reduction, as well as cardiovascular benefits.
Lab Monitoring
- Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels periodically (for type 2 diabetes).
- Blood glucose levels (especially if on insulin or sulfonylureas).
- Renal function (eGFR) periodically.
- Lipid profile.
- Serum amylase and lipase if pancreatitis is suspected.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of gradual dose titration to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
- Educate patients on the symptoms of pancreatitis (persistent severe abdominal pain) and hypoglycemia, especially when used with insulin or sulfonylureas.
- Counsel patients on the necessity of lifestyle modifications (diet and exercise) for optimal treatment outcomes.
- Monitor patients for signs of gallbladder disease, especially with rapid weight loss.
Patient Guidelines
- Administer Semaglo-OB once weekly on the same day each week, at any time of day.
- Inject subcutaneously into the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. Rotate injection sites with each dose.
- Do not share your Semaglo-OB pen with others, even if the needle is changed.
- Follow your doctor's recommendations for diet and exercise to achieve optimal results.
- Report any severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, or signs of allergic reaction immediately to your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed and the next scheduled dose is more than 2 days away, administer the missed dose as soon as possible. If the next dose is less than 2 days away, skip the missed dose and resume the regular schedule. Do not take two doses within 48 hours.
Driving Precautions
Semaglutide itself is not expected to affect the ability to drive or use machines. However, if used in combination with insulin or a sulfonylurea, there is an increased risk of hypoglycemia, which could impair driving ability. Patients should be aware of and monitor for symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy, balanced diet and engage in regular physical activity as advised by your healthcare provider.
- Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly if you have diabetes, and record them as per your doctor's instructions.
- Stay well-hydrated throughout the day.
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
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