Serviflox
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Apex Pharma
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| serviflox 500 mg tablet | ৳ 14.05 | ৳ 140.50 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Serviflox (Ciprofloxacin) is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, and certain sexually transmitted diseases.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typically 250-750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the type and severity of infection.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but caution and dose adjustment may be necessary based on renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment required. For creatinine clearance 30-50 mL/min, administer 250-500 mg every 12 hours. For creatinine clearance <30 mL/min, administer 250-500 mg every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Take orally with a glass of water, with or without food. Avoid taking with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone, as they can reduce absorption. Take at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after antacids, iron, or zinc supplements.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to disruption of bacterial DNA and cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Bactericidal effects typically begin within hours of administration.
Excretion
Primarily excreted renally (approximately 50-70% as unchanged drug in urine) and to a lesser extent via the fecal route.
Half life
Approximately 3 to 5 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed after oral administration, with an absolute bioavailability of approximately 70%. Peak serum concentrations are reached 1-2 hours post-dose.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver, primarily via CYP450 1A2, into four metabolites with less antibacterial activity.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Concomitant use with Tizanidine.
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Enhanced anticoagulant effect, leading to bleeding.
Tizanidine
Increased plasma concentrations of Tizanidine, leading to hypotension and sedation (contraindicated).
Cyclosporine
Increased serum creatinine levels.
Methotrexate
Increased methotrexate plasma concentrations, enhancing toxicity.
Theophylline
Increased plasma concentrations of Theophylline, leading to toxicity.
Antacids/Iron/Zinc salts
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Gastric lavage and activated charcoal may be considered. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are generally not effective in removing significant amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into human breast milk; breastfeeding is generally not recommended during treatment.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Concomitant use with Tizanidine.
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Enhanced anticoagulant effect, leading to bleeding.
Tizanidine
Increased plasma concentrations of Tizanidine, leading to hypotension and sedation (contraindicated).
Cyclosporine
Increased serum creatinine levels.
Methotrexate
Increased methotrexate plasma concentrations, enhancing toxicity.
Theophylline
Increased plasma concentrations of Theophylline, leading to toxicity.
Antacids/Iron/Zinc salts
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Gastric lavage and activated charcoal may be considered. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are generally not effective in removing significant amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into human breast milk; breastfeeding is generally not recommended during treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA (Bangladesh)
Patent Status
Generic available, original patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin for a wide range of bacterial infections. Ongoing research continues to explore its use in emerging resistant pathogens.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor renal function (creatinine, BUN) in patients with kidney impairment.
- Monitor liver function tests periodically, especially with long-term use.
- Monitor complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Monitor blood glucose levels in diabetic patients due to risk of dysglycemia.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on the importance of completing the full course of therapy, even if symptoms improve.
- Advise patients to report any musculoskeletal pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness immediately.
- Be aware of potential drug interactions, especially with warfarin, theophylline, and tizanidine.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if you feel better.
- Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight or artificial UV light, as ciprofloxacin can increase photosensitivity.
- Report any pain, swelling, or inflammation of tendons immediately.
- Do not take with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices.
- Stay well-hydrated.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be advised not to drive or operate machinery until they are reasonably certain that ciprofloxacin does not adversely affect their ability to engage in such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Follow a balanced diet.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate CNS side effects.
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Global Brand Names
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