Sevoran
Generic Name
Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation
Manufacturer
Global Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Multiple
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| sevoran 100 v solution for inhalation | ৳ 12,000.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Sevoflurane is a non-flammable, non-explosive halogenated ether used as an inhalational anesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in adult and pediatric patients.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Induction: Generally 0.5-5% sevoflurane in oxygen/air mixture. Maintenance: 0.5-3% sevoflurane in oxygen/air mixture, adjusted to clinical effect.
Elderly
Lower concentrations (reduced MAC) are typically required for induction and maintenance due to age-related physiological changes.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution due to potential for inorganic fluoride accumulation, although clinical significance is generally minimal with modern usage protocols. Monitor renal function.
How to Take
Administered by trained personnel using a calibrated vaporizer, typically through a face mask or endotracheal tube connected to an anesthesia machine. The concentration delivered is precisely controlled.
Mechanism of Action
Sevoflurane produces general anesthesia by acting on multiple targets in the central nervous system. It enhances GABA-A receptor activity, inhibits NMDA receptors, and modulates other ion channels, leading to neuronal hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (1-2 minutes for induction).
Excretion
Primarily via the lungs (unchanged drug); metabolites are renally excreted.
Half life
Not applicable for inhaled anesthetics in the traditional sense due to rapid elimination.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the lungs.
Metabolism
Minimal hepatic metabolism via CYP450 2E1, producing inorganic fluoride and hexafluoroisopropanol.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to sevoflurane or other halogenated ethers.
- History of malignant hyperthermia (MH) or genetic susceptibility to MH.
- Patients in whom general anesthesia is contraindicated.
Drug Interactions
Beta-blockers
May exacerbate bradycardia or hypotension.
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Concomitant use of N2O reduces the MAC (Minimum Alveolar Concentration) of sevoflurane, allowing lower concentrations to be used.
Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants
Sevoflurane potentiates the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, requiring lower doses or careful titration.
Opioids and other CNS depressants
May potentiate the respiratory depressant effects of sevoflurane.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C, excursions permitted to 15-30°C). Protect from light. Do not refrigerate or freeze. Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Overdose
Overdose results in excessive depth of anesthesia, marked hypotension, and respiratory depression. Management involves immediate discontinuation of sevoflurane, administration of 100% oxygen, and supportive cardiovascular and respiratory care, including volume expansion and vasopressors if necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category B. Sevoflurane has been shown to be safe for use during pregnancy for general anesthesia, including during C-sections. Use only if clearly needed. Lactation: It is unknown whether sevoflurane or its metabolites are excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to sevoflurane or other halogenated ethers.
- History of malignant hyperthermia (MH) or genetic susceptibility to MH.
- Patients in whom general anesthesia is contraindicated.
Drug Interactions
Beta-blockers
May exacerbate bradycardia or hypotension.
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Concomitant use of N2O reduces the MAC (Minimum Alveolar Concentration) of sevoflurane, allowing lower concentrations to be used.
Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants
Sevoflurane potentiates the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, requiring lower doses or careful titration.
Opioids and other CNS depressants
May potentiate the respiratory depressant effects of sevoflurane.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C, excursions permitted to 15-30°C). Protect from light. Do not refrigerate or freeze. Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Overdose
Overdose results in excessive depth of anesthesia, marked hypotension, and respiratory depression. Management involves immediate discontinuation of sevoflurane, administration of 100% oxygen, and supportive cardiovascular and respiratory care, including volume expansion and vasopressors if necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category B. Sevoflurane has been shown to be safe for use during pregnancy for general anesthesia, including during C-sections. Use only if clearly needed. Lactation: It is unknown whether sevoflurane or its metabolites are excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 3-5 years from the manufacturing date, when stored according to recommendations.
Availability
Hospitals, surgical centers, clinics
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Generic available, original patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Sevoflurane has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for both induction and maintenance of general anesthesia across a broad range of patient populations, including pediatric, adult, and geriatric patients, and in various surgical procedures.
Lab Monitoring
- Continuous monitoring of vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, temperature).
- End-tidal CO2 (capnography) for ventilation assessment.
- ECG monitoring.
- Renal and hepatic function tests if pre-existing conditions or prolonged/repeated exposure.
Doctor Notes
- Careful monitoring of vital signs, depth of anesthesia, and end-tidal CO2 is crucial throughout administration.
- Be vigilant for signs of malignant hyperthermia, and have dantrolene readily available.
- Maintain appropriate fresh gas flow to minimize Compound A formation.
- Consider reduced dosages in elderly or hemodynamically unstable patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Patients should be thoroughly informed about the risks and benefits of general anesthesia.
- Discuss potential post-anesthesia side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or dizziness.
- Instruct patients to avoid driving or operating complex machinery for at least 24 hours after anesthesia.
Missed Dose Advice
Not applicable as sevoflurane is administered for acute anesthesia under continuous medical supervision in a controlled environment.
Driving Precautions
Sevoflurane significantly impairs cognitive and motor skills. Patients should be advised not to drive, operate machinery, or engage in activities requiring full mental alertness for at least 24 hours following anesthesia.
Lifestyle Advice
- Follow all post-operative instructions provided by your healthcare team regarding diet, activity, and pain management.
- Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants for at least 24-48 hours post-anesthesia, or as advised by your doctor.
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