Sevorane
Generic Name
Sevoflurane
Manufacturer
AbbVie Inc.
Country
USA
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| sevorane 100 v solution for inhalation | ৳ 22,227.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Sevorane (Sevoflurane) is a halogenated ether general anesthetic administered by inhalation. It is used to induce and maintain general anesthesia for surgical procedures. It provides rapid onset and offset of anesthesia, making it suitable for both inpatient and outpatient surgeries.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Induction: 0.5-5% sevoflurane in oxygen/nitrous oxide mixture. Maintenance: 0.5-3% sevoflurane in oxygen/nitrous oxide mixture. Dosage is individualized based on patient's age, physical status, and desired depth of anesthesia, guided by MAC.
Elderly
Lower concentrations of sevoflurane may be required due to decreased MAC with increasing age. Dosage should be carefully titrated.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment recommended, but caution is advised in patients with severe renal impairment due to potential fluoride ion toxicity from metabolism, though clinical significance is generally low with sevoflurane.
How to Take
Administered via a calibrated vaporizer specifically designed for sevoflurane, delivering a precisely controlled concentration of vaporized sevoflurane mixed with oxygen or an oxygen/nitrous oxide mixture. It should only be administered by persons trained in the administration of general anesthesia.
Mechanism of Action
Sevoflurane's exact mechanism of action is not fully understood but is believed to involve modulation of ligand-gated ion channels, particularly enhancement of GABA-A receptor activity and inhibition of NMDA receptors, leading to central nervous system depression and unconsciousness.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid induction of anesthesia, typically within minutes.
Excretion
Primarily eliminated unchanged via the lungs through exhalation. A small fraction of metabolites is excreted renally.
Half life
Not applicable in the traditional sense for an inhaled anesthetic; recovery is rapid upon discontinuation of administration.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the lungs into the bloodstream due to high lipid solubility and low blood/gas partition coefficient.
Metabolism
Minimal hepatic metabolism (approximately 5% is metabolized by CYP2E1 to hexafluoroisopropanol and inorganic fluoride).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to sevoflurane or other halogenated anesthetics.
- Known or suspected genetic susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia.
- History of unexplained moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction, jaundice, or fever post-halogenated anesthetic exposure.
Drug Interactions
Nitrous Oxide
Coadministration with nitrous oxide decreases the MAC of sevoflurane, allowing lower concentrations to be used.
Neuromuscular Blockers
Sevoflurane potentiates the action of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, requiring reduced doses of these agents.
Opioids/Benzodiazepines
Concurrent use may lead to additive central nervous system depression, requiring lower doses of sevoflurane.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C), protected from light. Keep bottle tightly closed when not in use.
Overdose
In the event of an overdose, which would manifest as profound respiratory and circulatory depression, discontinue sevoflurane administration immediately. Maintain a patent airway, assist or control ventilation with oxygen, and maintain adequate cardiovascular function with supportive measures as needed.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Sevoflurane should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks to the fetus. It is not known whether sevoflurane is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to sevoflurane or other halogenated anesthetics.
- Known or suspected genetic susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia.
- History of unexplained moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction, jaundice, or fever post-halogenated anesthetic exposure.
Drug Interactions
Nitrous Oxide
Coadministration with nitrous oxide decreases the MAC of sevoflurane, allowing lower concentrations to be used.
Neuromuscular Blockers
Sevoflurane potentiates the action of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, requiring reduced doses of these agents.
Opioids/Benzodiazepines
Concurrent use may lead to additive central nervous system depression, requiring lower doses of sevoflurane.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C), protected from light. Keep bottle tightly closed when not in use.
Overdose
In the event of an overdose, which would manifest as profound respiratory and circulatory depression, discontinue sevoflurane administration immediately. Maintain a patent airway, assist or control ventilation with oxygen, and maintain adequate cardiovascular function with supportive measures as needed.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Sevoflurane should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks to the fetus. It is not known whether sevoflurane is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored as recommended.
Availability
Available in hospitals and clinics with anesthesia services
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, EMA)
Patent Status
Off-patent in many regions
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of sevoflurane for general anesthesia in diverse patient populations, including pediatric and elderly patients, for various surgical procedures.
Lab Monitoring
- Continuous monitoring of vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, end-tidal CO2)
- ECG monitoring
- Temperature monitoring
- Assessment of depth of anesthesia.
Doctor Notes
- Monitor for signs of malignant hyperthermia.
- Carefully titrate dose, especially in elderly and hemodynamically unstable patients.
- Consider its low pungency and rapid induction for pediatric patients.
- Monitor renal function in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Patients should follow all pre-operative fasting instructions.
- Patients should inform their anesthetist about all medications, allergies, and medical conditions.
- Post-anesthesia, patients should expect a period of drowsiness and may experience nausea or vomiting. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery for at least 24 hours.
Missed Dose Advice
Not applicable as sevoflurane is administered by a healthcare professional during a surgical procedure.
Driving Precautions
Do not drive or operate heavy machinery for at least 24 hours after administration of sevoflurane, as it can impair cognitive and motor skills.
Lifestyle Advice
- Follow post-operative instructions for diet and activity.
- Arrange for a responsible adult to drive you home and assist with daily activities for 24 hours after anesthesia.
- Avoid alcohol and sedatives for at least 24 hours after anesthesia.
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