Tetraxim
Generic Name
Diphtheria, Tetanus, Acellular Pertussis (aP) and Inactivated Poliomyelitis (IPV) Vaccine (Adsorbed)
Manufacturer
Sanofi Pasteur
Country
France
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tetraxim 05 ml injection | ৳ 3,060.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Tetraxim is a quadrivalent vaccine that provides active immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), and poliomyelitis (polio) in infants and young children, typically administered via intramuscular injection.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Not typically indicated for primary immunization in adults. Adult booster formulations may vary and are based on local guidelines and previous vaccination status.
Elderly
Consult physician; typically not a primary adult vaccine. Specific adult/adolescent formulations for boosters may be considered based on risk factors and national guidelines.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment is generally required for vaccines in renal impairment, but caution is advised in severely immunocompromised individuals.
How to Take
Administer the entire 0.5 ml dose by intramuscular injection, typically into the anterolateral aspect of the thigh in infants and young children, or into the deltoid muscle in older children (if applicable for booster doses). Do not administer intravenously.
Mechanism of Action
The vaccine contains inactivated toxins (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids), acellular pertussis antigens, and inactivated poliovirus antigens. These antigens stimulate the immune system to produce specific antibodies, providing protection against the respective diseases without causing the diseases themselves.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of protective immunity typically begins a few weeks after the completion of the primary vaccination series.
Excretion
Not applicable; vaccine components are either integrated into the immune system or broken down metabolically.
Half life
Not applicable for vaccines as it relates to the duration of the immune response rather than the pharmacokinetic half-life of an active drug substance.
Absorption
Antigens are absorbed locally from the injection site and processed by antigen-presenting cells to initiate an immune response.
Metabolism
Antigens are processed and degraded by the immune system as part of antibody production and immunological memory formation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to a previous dose of Tetraxim or any component of the vaccine.
- Known hypersensitivity to any component of the vaccine, including glutaraldehyde, neomycin, streptomycin, and polymyxin B.
- Acute severe febrile illness; vaccination should be postponed until recovery.
- Encephalopathy of unknown etiology occurring within 7 days following previous vaccination with a pertussis-containing vaccine.
Drug Interactions
Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, heparin)
Increased risk of bleeding or bruising at the injection site for individuals on anticoagulant therapy. Apply firm pressure to the injection site for several minutes.
Immunosuppressants (e.g., corticosteroids, chemotherapy)
May reduce the immune response to the vaccine, potentially leading to suboptimal protection. Vaccination should be considered with caution in immunocompromised individuals.
Storage
Store in a refrigerator (+2°C to +8°C). Do not freeze. Freezing destroys potency. Protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose is highly unlikely given the pre-filled syringe format and single-dose administration. In the event of an accidental overdose, management would be supportive, focusing on monitoring for and treating any local or systemic adverse reactions.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Tetraxim is primarily a pediatric vaccine and generally not indicated for use in pregnant or lactating women. If vaccination is considered necessary in these populations, potential benefits should be weighed against risks, and a physician should be consulted. There is no evidence of adverse effects on the fetus or breastfed infant from inactivated vaccines.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to a previous dose of Tetraxim or any component of the vaccine.
- Known hypersensitivity to any component of the vaccine, including glutaraldehyde, neomycin, streptomycin, and polymyxin B.
- Acute severe febrile illness; vaccination should be postponed until recovery.
- Encephalopathy of unknown etiology occurring within 7 days following previous vaccination with a pertussis-containing vaccine.
Drug Interactions
Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, heparin)
Increased risk of bleeding or bruising at the injection site for individuals on anticoagulant therapy. Apply firm pressure to the injection site for several minutes.
Immunosuppressants (e.g., corticosteroids, chemotherapy)
May reduce the immune response to the vaccine, potentially leading to suboptimal protection. Vaccination should be considered with caution in immunocompromised individuals.
Storage
Store in a refrigerator (+2°C to +8°C). Do not freeze. Freezing destroys potency. Protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose is highly unlikely given the pre-filled syringe format and single-dose administration. In the event of an accidental overdose, management would be supportive, focusing on monitoring for and treating any local or systemic adverse reactions.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Tetraxim is primarily a pediatric vaccine and generally not indicated for use in pregnant or lactating women. If vaccination is considered necessary in these populations, potential benefits should be weighed against risks, and a physician should be consulted. There is no evidence of adverse effects on the fetus or breastfed infant from inactivated vaccines.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Varies by specific batch and manufacturer; typically 3 years from the manufacturing date when stored correctly.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Vaccination Centers
Approval Status
Approved by relevant health authorities (e.g., EMA, WHO prequalification)
Patent Status
Patent status varies by manufacturer and region
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of Tetraxim across various age groups indicated for vaccination. Studies have shown high seroprotection rates against all four components.
Lab Monitoring
- No specific routine laboratory monitoring is required post-vaccination with Tetraxim. Serological testing for antibody levels can be performed if there is a clinical need to assess immune response, but this is not a routine recommendation.
Doctor Notes
- Ensure adherence to national immunization schedules for optimal vaccine uptake and coverage.
- Always check for contraindications and previous vaccination history before administration.
- Advise parents/guardians on potential side effects and when to seek medical attention.
Patient Guidelines
- Ensure your child completes the full primary vaccination course and recommended booster doses for optimal and long-lasting protection.
- Observe your child for any adverse reactions, especially in the first few hours or days following vaccination, and report any severe or persistent side effects to your healthcare provider immediately.
- Keep a comprehensive record of all vaccinations received, including dates and vaccine names.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, contact your healthcare provider to reschedule the vaccination as soon as possible. It is important to complete the full vaccination schedule to ensure optimal and long-lasting protection.
Driving Precautions
Tetraxim is a pediatric vaccine, so driving precautions are not applicable for the primary recipients. For adult caregivers, if experiencing fever or malaise post-vaccination, they should avoid driving or operating machinery until symptoms subside.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene practices for the child to prevent other infections, especially during the vaccination period.
- Ensure proper nutrition and hydration for the child to support overall health and immune function.
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