Timodor
Generic Name
timodor-2-05-eye-drop
Manufacturer
Generic Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| timodor 2 05 eye drop | ৳ 650.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Timodor-2-05 Eye Drop contains Timolol Maleate, a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent. It is primarily used to reduce elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or chronic open-angle glaucoma by decreasing the production of aqueous humor.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Instill one drop in the affected eye(s) once or twice daily. The usual starting dose is one drop of 0.25% solution once or twice daily. If the response is insufficient, the dosage may be increased to one drop of 0.5% solution once or twice daily.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients, but renal/hepatic function should be considered, and potential for systemic side effects monitored.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment instructions are typically provided for ophthalmic use; systemic absorption is minimal but caution is advised in severe impairment due to potential systemic effects.
How to Take
For ophthalmic use only. Tilt head back, pull down lower eyelid to create a pouch, and instill one drop into the pouch. Close eye and apply gentle pressure to the inner corner of the eye for 1-2 minutes to prevent systemic absorption. Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface. If using other eye drops, wait at least 5-10 minutes between applications.
Mechanism of Action
Timolol Maleate is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker that reduces elevated and normal intraocular pressure (IOP) whether or not associated with glaucoma. Its predominant action is thought to be related to reduced aqueous humor formation in the ciliary body. It does not significantly affect pupil size or accommodation.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
IOP reduction typically begins within 20 minutes, with maximum effect observed within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Excreted primarily in the urine, both as unchanged drug (around 20%) and metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 2.5 to 5 hours (systemic after oral administration), ophthalmic data varies but generally considered similar.
Absorption
Systemic absorption occurs from ophthalmic administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1-2 hours after topical application. Bioavailability is around 70-80% after oral administration.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver via cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma.
- Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Sinus bradycardia, second or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock.
- Hypersensitivity to Timolol or any component of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Oral Beta-blockers
Concurrent use may result in additive systemic effects (e.g., lower heart rate, increased risk of hypotension).
Calcium Channel Blockers (oral)
Increased risk of AV conduction disturbances, left ventricular failure, and hypotension.
Digitalis and Calcium Channel Blockers (oral)
Potentiate systemic beta-blockade, AV conduction disturbances, and bradycardia.
Catecholamine-depleting drugs (e.g., Reserpine)
May have additive effects and produce hypotension and/or marked bradycardia.
Quinidine or potent CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., Fluoxetine, Paroxetine)
Increased plasma levels of Timolol may occur, leading to enhanced systemic beta-blockade.
Storage
Store at room temperature (15-30°C / 59-86°F), away from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of systemic overdose (e.g., bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, acute cardiac failure) may occur due to systemic absorption. Treatment involves symptomatic and supportive measures. Gastric lavage may be considered if oral ingestion is suspected, although ophthalmic overdose is rare.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Lactation: Timolol is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother and the potential risks to the infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma.
- Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Sinus bradycardia, second or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock.
- Hypersensitivity to Timolol or any component of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Oral Beta-blockers
Concurrent use may result in additive systemic effects (e.g., lower heart rate, increased risk of hypotension).
Calcium Channel Blockers (oral)
Increased risk of AV conduction disturbances, left ventricular failure, and hypotension.
Digitalis and Calcium Channel Blockers (oral)
Potentiate systemic beta-blockade, AV conduction disturbances, and bradycardia.
Catecholamine-depleting drugs (e.g., Reserpine)
May have additive effects and produce hypotension and/or marked bradycardia.
Quinidine or potent CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., Fluoxetine, Paroxetine)
Increased plasma levels of Timolol may occur, leading to enhanced systemic beta-blockade.
Storage
Store at room temperature (15-30°C / 59-86°F), away from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of systemic overdose (e.g., bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, acute cardiac failure) may occur due to systemic absorption. Treatment involves symptomatic and supportive measures. Gastric lavage may be considered if oral ingestion is suspected, although ophthalmic overdose is rare.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Lactation: Timolol is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother and the potential risks to the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years unopened when stored correctly; 28 days after opening, discard any remaining solution.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities worldwide (e.g., FDA, EMA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of Timolol in reducing intraocular pressure in glaucoma and ocular hypertension across various patient populations. Post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor long-term safety and rare adverse events.
Lab Monitoring
- Regular monitoring of intraocular pressure (IOP).
- Periodic cardiac and pulmonary function assessment in susceptible patients, especially those with pre-existing conditions.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on proper instillation technique to minimize systemic absorption and potential side effects.
- Monitor for signs of systemic beta-blockade, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiac or pulmonary conditions, or those receiving concomitant systemic beta-blockers.
- Instruct patients to inform their doctor of all medications, including over-the-counter and herbal products, due to potential drug interactions.
- Emphasize the importance of adherence to the prescribed regimen for optimal IOP control.
Patient Guidelines
- Use exactly as prescribed by your doctor and do not discontinue without consulting them.
- Avoid touching the dropper tip to prevent contamination of the solution.
- Remove contact lenses before application and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them.
- If you experience any severe side effects, contact your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not apply a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
May cause temporary blurred vision, dizziness, or fatigue. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they are certain that Timodor-2-05 Eye Drop does not adversely affect their vision or ability to perform such tasks.
Lifestyle Advice
- Regular eye check-ups are crucial for glaucoma management.
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet.
- Avoid smoking, as it can worsen ocular health and cardiovascular risks.
- Protect your eyes from bright light and dust.
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