Timodrop
Generic Name
Timolol Maleate
Manufacturer
General Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| timodrop 05 eye drop | ৳ 75.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Timolol eye drops are used to reduce elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It works by decreasing the production of fluid (aqueous humor) inside the eye.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual starting dose is one drop of Timodrop 0.5% in the affected eye(s) twice daily. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients, but caution is advised due to potential systemic effects.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment for ophthalmic use is typically required in patients with renal impairment, as systemic absorption is minimal.
How to Take
For ophthalmic use only. Tilt your head back, pull down the lower eyelid to form a pocket, and place one drop into the pocket. Close your eye gently and press a finger to the inner corner of your eye for 1-2 minutes to minimize systemic absorption. Do not touch the dropper tip to your eye or any other surface.
Mechanism of Action
Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker. When applied topically to the eye, it reduces elevated and normal intraocular pressure, primarily by decreasing aqueous humor production in the ciliary body. The exact mechanism of action for IOP reduction is not fully established but is thought to involve inhibition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) formation.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine as metabolites and, to a lesser extent, as unchanged drug.
Half life
Approximately 2.5 to 5 hours (systemic).
Absorption
Systemic absorption occurs after ophthalmic administration. Peak plasma concentrations typically occur 1 to 2 hours after dosing.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP2D6.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma.
- Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Sinus bradycardia, second or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock.
- Hypersensitivity to Timolol Maleate or any component of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Oral Beta-blockers
Concurrent use may result in additive systemic beta-blockade, potentially leading to significant reductions in heart rate and blood pressure.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Increased risk of hypotension, bradycardia, AV block, and cardiac failure.
Quinidine, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine
These inhibitors of CYP2D6 can increase plasma levels of timolol.
Catecholamine-depleting drugs (e.g., Reserpine)
Additive effects may occur, causing hypotension and/or marked bradycardia.
Storage
Store at room temperature (below 25°C), protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Systemic overdose of ophthalmic timolol can lead to bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, and acute cardiac failure. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including general measures to maintain vital functions.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Timolol is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when Timodrop is administered to a nursing mother. Consult your doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Bronchial asthma or a history of bronchial asthma.
- Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Sinus bradycardia, second or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock.
- Hypersensitivity to Timolol Maleate or any component of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Oral Beta-blockers
Concurrent use may result in additive systemic beta-blockade, potentially leading to significant reductions in heart rate and blood pressure.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Increased risk of hypotension, bradycardia, AV block, and cardiac failure.
Quinidine, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine
These inhibitors of CYP2D6 can increase plasma levels of timolol.
Catecholamine-depleting drugs (e.g., Reserpine)
Additive effects may occur, causing hypotension and/or marked bradycardia.
Storage
Store at room temperature (below 25°C), protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Systemic overdose of ophthalmic timolol can lead to bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, and acute cardiac failure. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including general measures to maintain vital functions.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Timolol is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when Timodrop is administered to a nursing mother. Consult your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Unopened: Typically 2 years from manufacturing date. After opening: Usually 28 days (discard any remaining solution after this period).
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Timolol has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in reducing intraocular pressure in various forms of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. These trials have confirmed its role as a cornerstone treatment for these conditions.
Lab Monitoring
- Regular monitoring of intraocular pressure (IOP) is essential.
- For patients with pre-existing cardiovascular or pulmonary conditions, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory function should be monitored.
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients on proper instillation technique and punctal occlusion for 1-2 minutes post-administration to minimize systemic absorption and potential side effects.
- Screen patients for contraindications, particularly a history of asthma, COPD, or certain cardiac conditions, before prescribing.
- Emphasize the importance of consistent use and regular IOP monitoring.
- Counsel patients regarding potential temporary blurred vision or dizziness, especially at the start of therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Use Timodrop 0.5% exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not discontinue the medication abruptly without consulting your doctor, as this may lead to an increase in IOP.
- Remove contact lenses before applying the eye drop and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements, you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not use extra medicine to make up for a missed dose.
Driving Precautions
Timodrop 0.5% may cause temporary blurred vision or dizziness, especially after administration. If these symptoms occur, avoid driving or operating machinery until your vision is clear and you feel well.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet.
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, as they can negatively impact overall health and potentially eye health.
- Attend regular eye check-ups as advised by your ophthalmologist.
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