Tixol
Generic Name
Clonazepam
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
Loading images...
Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tixol 05 mg tablet | ৳ 5.00 | ৳ 70.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and hypnotic properties. It is primarily used to treat various seizure disorders and panic disorder.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose for panic disorder: 0.25 mg BID, gradually increased to 1 mg/day. For seizure disorders: Initial 0.5 mg TID, gradually increased to max 20 mg/day.
Elderly
Lower initial doses (e.g., 0.25 mg once daily) and slower titration recommended due to increased sensitivity and slower metabolism.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment recommended, but caution advised.
How to Take
Orally, with or without food. Swallow whole, do not chew or crush.
Mechanism of Action
Clonazepam enhances the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding to specific benzodiazepine receptors on GABA-A receptors in the central nervous system. This leads to increased chloride ion influx, hyperpolarization of neurons, and reduced neuronal excitability.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Oral: 20-60 minutes.
Excretion
Primarily excreted in urine as metabolites, with a small amount excreted in feces.
Half life
18-50 hours (average 30 hours).
Absorption
Well-absorbed orally, peak plasma levels typically within 1-4 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by nitroreduction and N-acetylation, leading to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Severe liver impairment
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of sedation, respiratory depression.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, barbiturates, antidepressants, antihistamines)
May potentiate CNS depressant effects.
Storage
Store at room temperature (below 30°C), away from moisture and direct light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, coma. Treatment is supportive, potentially including flumazenil (benzodiazepine antagonist).
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D (risk to fetus). Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Severe liver impairment
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of sedation, respiratory depression.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, barbiturates, antidepressants, antihistamines)
May potentiate CNS depressant effects.
Storage
Store at room temperature (below 30°C), away from moisture and direct light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, coma. Treatment is supportive, potentially including flumazenil (benzodiazepine antagonist).
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D (risk to fetus). Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established clonazepam's efficacy and safety for indicated conditions, particularly in seizure and panic disorders.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (for long-term use)
- Blood counts
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on the risks of dependence and withdrawal.
- Gradually taper dose to discontinue.
- Monitor for respiratory depression, especially with concomitant opioid use.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop abruptly due to withdrawal risk.
- Avoid driving or operating machinery until effects are known.
- Report unusual mood changes.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness and impaired motor skills; advise patients not to drive or operate heavy machinery until they know how the drug affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.
- Maintain regular sleep patterns.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
Similar medicines available in the market
Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.