Tramavir
Generic Name
Tramadol
Manufacturer
Acme Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tramavir 50 mg capsule | ৳ 7.50 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Tramavir 50 mg capsule contains Tramadol, an opioid analgesic used to manage moderate to moderately severe pain.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initially 50 mg to 100 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed for pain, not exceeding 400 mg/day.
Elderly
Patients >75 years may require reduced dosage (e.g., maximum 300 mg/day) and extended dosing intervals.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance <30 mL/min, dosage should not exceed 50 mg every 12 hours.
How to Take
Swallow the capsule whole with water. May be taken with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Tramadol acts as an opioid agonist, binding to mu-opioid receptors. It also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, contributing to its analgesic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1 hour
Excretion
Primarily excreted renally (approximately 90%) and fecally (approximately 10%).
Half life
Approximately 6-7 hours (for Tramadol), 7-9 hours (for O-desmethyltramadol).
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration, bioavailability is about 75%.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by CYP2D6 to O-desmethyltramadol (active metabolite) and by CYP3A4 and CYP2B6 to other metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, analgesics, opioids, psychotropic drugs
- Patients receiving MAO inhibitors or within 14 days of discontinuing them
- Epilepsy not controlled by treatment
Drug Interactions
MAO inhibitors
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome and seizures.
Serotonergic drugs (SSRIs, SNRIs)
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
CNS depressants (alcohol, sedatives)
Increased risk of respiratory depression and profound sedation.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include respiratory depression, seizures, miosis, drowsiness, coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin. Treat with opioid antagonist (Naloxone) and supportive care.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy due to risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Excreted in breast milk; use with caution or avoid during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, analgesics, opioids, psychotropic drugs
- Patients receiving MAO inhibitors or within 14 days of discontinuing them
- Epilepsy not controlled by treatment
Drug Interactions
MAO inhibitors
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome and seizures.
Serotonergic drugs (SSRIs, SNRIs)
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
CNS depressants (alcohol, sedatives)
Increased risk of respiratory depression and profound sedation.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include respiratory depression, seizures, miosis, drowsiness, coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin. Treat with opioid antagonist (Naloxone) and supportive care.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy due to risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Excreted in breast milk; use with caution or avoid during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., DGDA, FDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous trials have established its efficacy and safety in various pain conditions. Ongoing post-market surveillance.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine clearance) in patients with impairment
- Liver function in prolonged use
Doctor Notes
- Assess patient for risk factors of opioid addiction before starting therapy.
- Monitor for signs of respiratory depression, especially during initiation or dose escalation.
- Counsel patients on safe storage and disposal to prevent accidental ingestion.
Patient Guidelines
- Take exactly as prescribed; do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Do not crush or chew the capsule.
- Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.
- Be aware of symptoms of opioid withdrawal if abruptly discontinued.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Engage in non-pharmacological pain management techniques.
- Maintain a healthy diet and hydration.
- Regular exercise (if pain allows).
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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