Tranal
Generic Name
tranal-50-mg-capsule
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tranal 50 mg capsule | ৳ 7.53 | ৳ 75.30 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Tranal 50 mg Capsule contains Tramadol Hydrochloride, a synthetic opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 50-100 mg every 4-6 hours as needed. Maximum dose is 400 mg/day.
Elderly
For patients over 75 years, the maximum dose is 300 mg/day. Consider lower initial doses and slower titration.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min, the dose should be reduced to 50-100 mg every 12 hours, with a maximum of 200 mg/day.
How to Take
Take Tranal 50 mg Capsule orally, with or without food. Swallow the capsule whole; do not crush, chew, or break it.
Mechanism of Action
Tramadol acts primarily by binding to μ-opioid receptors. It also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, which contributes to its analgesic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Analgesia usually occurs within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Mainly excreted renally (about 90% of the dose).
Half life
Parent drug: approximately 6 hours; Active metabolite (O-desmethyltramadol/M1): approximately 7 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Absolute bioavailability is approximately 75%.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 to active (M1) and inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, centrally acting analgesics, opioids, or psychotropic drugs.
- In patients who have received monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors within the last 14 days.
- Severe respiratory depression.
- Uncontrolled epilepsy.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May increase INR and risk of bleeding.
Carbamazepine
Significantly decreases tramadol plasma concentrations, reducing analgesic effect.
MAO Inhibitors
Concomitant use can lead to severe adverse reactions including serotonin syndrome.
SSRIs, TCAs, Triptans
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, benzodiazepines)
Increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation, and coma.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include respiratory depression, somnolence progressing to coma, seizures, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, constricted pupils, and possibly cardiac arrest. Treatment involves supportive measures, maintaining a patent airway, and administration of naloxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Not recommended for use during pregnancy, especially during the third trimester, due to risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Tramadol is excreted in breast milk and is not recommended during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, centrally acting analgesics, opioids, or psychotropic drugs.
- In patients who have received monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors within the last 14 days.
- Severe respiratory depression.
- Uncontrolled epilepsy.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May increase INR and risk of bleeding.
Carbamazepine
Significantly decreases tramadol plasma concentrations, reducing analgesic effect.
MAO Inhibitors
Concomitant use can lead to severe adverse reactions including serotonin syndrome.
SSRIs, TCAs, Triptans
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, benzodiazepines)
Increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation, and coma.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include respiratory depression, somnolence progressing to coma, seizures, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, constricted pupils, and possibly cardiac arrest. Treatment involves supportive measures, maintaining a patent airway, and administration of naloxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Not recommended for use during pregnancy, especially during the third trimester, due to risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Tramadol is excreted in breast milk and is not recommended during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture when stored properly.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated tramadol's efficacy in managing various types of acute and chronic pain. Post-marketing surveillance also monitors its safety profile.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor renal and hepatic function during long-term therapy.
- Monitor for signs of opioid addiction and withdrawal.
Doctor Notes
- Assess the patient's risk of addiction, abuse, or misuse before prescribing Tramadol.
- Monitor for signs of respiratory depression, especially when co-administering with other CNS depressants.
- Educate patients on proper use, storage, and disposal of opioid medications.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not exceed the prescribed dose of Tranal.
- Do not discontinue Tranal abruptly without consulting your doctor to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, especially other CNS depressants.
- Report any unusual symptoms, especially severe drowsiness, breathing difficulties, or allergic reactions.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Tranal may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or impaired judgment, which can affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. Avoid such activities until you are certain you can perform them safely.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it can increase side effects like dizziness and drowsiness.
- Be cautious with activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until you know how Tranal affects you.
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