Triacin
Generic Name
Triamcinolone Acetonide
Manufacturer
ACI Limited
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
triacin 40 mg injection | ৳ 65.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Triamcinolone Acetonide injection is a corticosteroid used to treat various inflammatory and allergic conditions. It works by suppressing the immune response and reducing inflammation throughout the body.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Intramuscular (IM) for systemic effect: Typically 40 mg once every 4-6 weeks, or as directed by physician. Intra-articular/intrabursal: 10-40 mg depending on joint size and severity, usually repeated as needed, not more frequently than every 3-4 weeks. Intralesional: 0.2-1 mg per injection site, not exceeding 30 mg total per week.
Elderly
Use with caution; a reduced dosage or increased interval may be required due to decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment is generally required, but close monitoring is advised due to potential fluid retention and electrolyte imbalance.
How to Take
Administer intramuscularly, intra-articularly, intralesionally, or intrabursally. Do NOT administer intravenously. Shake the vial well before use. Use aseptic technique for all injections.
Mechanism of Action
Triamcinolone Acetonide is a synthetic glucocorticoid that regulates gene expression. It binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, which then translocate to the nucleus and modulate the transcription of genes involved in inflammation and immune responses. This leads to decreased activity of inflammatory cells (e.g., lymphocytes, eosinophils, mast cells) and reduced production of inflammatory mediators (e.g., prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines).
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action varies depending on the route of administration and condition being treated, typically within hours for acute effects, but clinical improvement may take days.
Excretion
Excreted mainly in the urine, predominantly as metabolites, with a small amount excreted in feces.
Half life
Plasma half-life is approximately 2-3 hours, but biological half-life (reflecting duration of corticosteroid activity) is much longer, around 18-36 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from intramuscular injection sites, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 8-24 hours. Absorption from intra-articular sites is slower and more variable.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver, with some metabolism in the kidney, to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Known hypersensitivity to triamcinolone acetonide or any component of the formulation
- Intravenous administration (not for IV use)
- Live or live-attenuated vaccines during immunosuppressive doses
Drug Interactions
Antidiabetics
May increase blood glucose levels, requiring adjustment of antidiabetic medication.
Oral Anticoagulants
Corticosteroids may potentiate or diminish the effect of anticoagulants; close monitoring of INR is required.
Diuretics (Thiazide or Loop)
Increased risk of hypokalemia.
Phenytoin, Rifampin, Barbiturates
May decrease corticosteroid effect due to increased metabolism.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C), protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose with corticosteroids is rare. Symptoms may include fluid retention, electrolyte imbalance, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Management is primarily symptomatic and supportive; no specific antidote is available. Chronic overdose can lead to Cushing's syndrome.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Corticosteroids are excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Known hypersensitivity to triamcinolone acetonide or any component of the formulation
- Intravenous administration (not for IV use)
- Live or live-attenuated vaccines during immunosuppressive doses
Drug Interactions
Antidiabetics
May increase blood glucose levels, requiring adjustment of antidiabetic medication.
Oral Anticoagulants
Corticosteroids may potentiate or diminish the effect of anticoagulants; close monitoring of INR is required.
Diuretics (Thiazide or Loop)
Increased risk of hypokalemia.
Phenytoin, Rifampin, Barbiturates
May decrease corticosteroid effect due to increased metabolism.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C), protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose with corticosteroids is rare. Symptoms may include fluid retention, electrolyte imbalance, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Management is primarily symptomatic and supportive; no specific antidote is available. Chronic overdose can lead to Cushing's syndrome.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Corticosteroids are excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Generally 2-3 years from the date of manufacture, specific to the product.
Availability
Hospitals, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved (Generic)
Patent Status
Generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Triamcinolone and other corticosteroids have been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials for their efficacy in various inflammatory and immune-mediated conditions. Ongoing research focuses on optimizing dosage regimens and minimizing side effects.
Lab Monitoring
- Blood glucose levels (especially in diabetic patients)
- Electrolyte levels (potassium, sodium)
- Blood pressure
- Bone density scans for long-term therapy
- Ophthalmic examinations (for long-term use, to check for cataracts/glaucoma)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of gradual dose reduction and avoiding abrupt discontinuation to prevent adrenal crisis.
- Monitor patients for signs of infection, hyperglycemia, and electrolyte imbalances, especially during prolonged therapy.
- Educate patients on potential adverse effects and when to seek medical attention.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop this medicine abruptly without consulting your doctor, as it can lead to serious withdrawal symptoms.
- Report any unusual symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, mood changes, or signs of infection.
- Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
- Avoid live vaccines while on high doses of this medication.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, contact your doctor or healthcare provider for advice. Do not double the dose to catch up. Regular dosing is important for maintaining therapeutic effect.
Driving Precautions
This medication may cause dizziness, vertigo, or visual disturbances in some individuals. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet, potentially low in sodium and high in potassium.
- Consider calcium and vitamin D supplementation to support bone health, especially with long-term use.
- Engage in regular, moderate exercise if appropriate for your condition.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
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