Tropidil
Generic Name
Tropicamide 1% Eye Drop
Manufacturer
Reputable Pharmaceutical Co.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tropidil 1 eye drop | ৳ 85.32 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Tropidil 1% Eye Drop contains Tropicamide, an anticholinergic agent used to dilate the pupil (mydriasis) and temporarily paralyze the eye's focusing ability (cycloplegia). It is primarily used for diagnostic purposes in eye examinations and before ophthalmic procedures.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For refraction: Instill 1 or 2 drops of 1% solution into the conjunctival sac, repeated after 5 minutes if needed. For examination: Instill 1 drop of 0.5% or 1% solution into the conjunctival sac 15-20 minutes before examination.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but use with caution due to increased susceptibility to systemic anticholinergic effects and potential for undiagnosed narrow-angle glaucoma.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment is required for topical ophthalmic use.
How to Take
For ophthalmic use only. Wash hands before use. Tilt head back, pull down the lower eyelid to create a pouch, and instill the prescribed number of drops without touching the dropper tip to the eye or any other surface. Close the eye gently and apply pressure to the inner corner of the eye (near the nose) for about 1 minute to reduce systemic absorption.
Mechanism of Action
Tropicamide acts as a competitive antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, specifically M3 receptors, in the ciliary body and iris sphincter muscle. This blockade prevents acetylcholine from causing miosis (pupil constriction) and accommodation, leading to mydriasis and cycloplegia.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Mydriasis: 15-20 minutes; Cycloplegia: 20-45 minutes.
Excretion
Excreted primarily via urine if systemically absorbed, but local metabolism and clearance are the main routes for elimination from the eye.
Half life
The half-life for topical ophthalmic use is not well-defined due to minimal systemic exposure. Ocular effects typically last 3-8 hours.
Absorption
Tropicamide is well absorbed from the conjunctival sac after topical ocular administration. Systemic absorption is minimal but can occur, especially in children and the elderly.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver, but systemic metabolism is generally negligible due to limited systemic absorption after ophthalmic use.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to tropicamide or any component of the formulation.
- Primary glaucoma or tendency toward glaucoma (especially angle-closure glaucoma), as it can precipitate acute angle closure.
Drug Interactions
Sympathomimetics (e.g., phenylephrine)
Additive mydriatic effect, potentially increasing systemic absorption and side effects.
Other anticholinergic agents (e.g., atropine, scopolamine)
Concurrent use may increase the risk of systemic anticholinergic effects.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Systemic overdose is rare with topical ophthalmic use but can occur, especially in children. Symptoms include severe dry mouth, flushing, tachycardia, fever, urinary retention, and central nervous system effects (e.g., ataxia, hallucinations, convulsions). Treatment is supportive. Physostigmine may be considered in severe systemic toxicity.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown whether tropicamide is excreted in human milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to tropicamide or any component of the formulation.
- Primary glaucoma or tendency toward glaucoma (especially angle-closure glaucoma), as it can precipitate acute angle closure.
Drug Interactions
Sympathomimetics (e.g., phenylephrine)
Additive mydriatic effect, potentially increasing systemic absorption and side effects.
Other anticholinergic agents (e.g., atropine, scopolamine)
Concurrent use may increase the risk of systemic anticholinergic effects.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Systemic overdose is rare with topical ophthalmic use but can occur, especially in children. Symptoms include severe dry mouth, flushing, tachycardia, fever, urinary retention, and central nervous system effects (e.g., ataxia, hallucinations, convulsions). Treatment is supportive. Physostigmine may be considered in severe systemic toxicity.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is unknown whether tropicamide is excreted in human milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 24 months (unopened). Discard any remaining solution 28 days after first opening the bottle.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Tropicamide has been extensively studied and is widely used for ophthalmic diagnostic procedures since its approval. Numerous clinical trials have confirmed its efficacy and safety profile for inducing mydriasis and cycloplegia.
Lab Monitoring
- Routine laboratory monitoring is not typically required for topical ophthalmic tropicamide.
Doctor Notes
- Always inquire about a history of glaucoma or narrow angles before administering tropicamide.
- Educate patients thoroughly about the temporary visual disturbances and precautions (e.g., sunglasses, no driving) post-administration.
- Monitor for signs of systemic anticholinergic toxicity, especially in pediatric and elderly patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not drive or operate machinery for several hours after using the drops, or until vision returns to normal.
- Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from bright light after using Tropidil, as pupils will be dilated and sensitive to light.
- Remove contact lenses before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them.
- Do not touch the tip of the dropper to prevent contamination.
Missed Dose Advice
As Tropicamide is typically used for diagnostic purposes or acute conditions, a missed dose is generally not a concern. If it's part of a short-term treatment regimen and a dose is missed, apply it as soon as remembered, but do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Tropicamide causes blurred vision and sensitivity to light due to pupil dilation and cycloplegia. Patients should be advised not to drive or engage in activities requiring clear vision until the effects have fully subsided, which may take several hours.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or bright artificial light after using this medication until the effects wear off.
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