Valex CR
Generic Name
Sodium Valproate (Extended Release)
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| valex cr 300 mg tablet | ৳ 9.00 | ৳ 90.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Valex CR 300 mg Tablet contains Sodium Valproate, an anti-epileptic drug used to treat various types of seizures, bipolar disorder, and sometimes for migraine prophylaxis. The 'CR' indicates controlled release, allowing for once or twice daily dosing.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose typically 250-500 mg daily, gradually increased to usual therapeutic range of 1000-2500 mg/day, taken once or twice daily. Dosing should be individualized.
Elderly
Start with lower doses and titrate gradually, monitor for side effects.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment usually not required for mild to moderate impairment; monitor unbound drug levels in severe impairment.
How to Take
Swallow tablets whole with water, do not chew or crush. Can be taken with or without food. Consistent timing is recommended.
Mechanism of Action
Valproate is thought to exert its anticonvulsant effects by increasing brain levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, and modulating T-type calcium channels. These actions stabilize neuronal membranes and inhibit repetitive neuronal firing.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antiepileptic effects usually seen within days to weeks; mood stabilization may take several weeks.
Excretion
Mainly renal (urine) as metabolites and a small amount of unchanged drug. Also, some fecal excretion.
Half life
9-16 hours (variable, can be shorter with enzyme-inducing drugs).
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, extended-release formulation provides slower, more sustained absorption over 8-12 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic, via glucuronidation, beta-oxidation, and cytochrome P450 enzymes (to a lesser extent).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to valproate
- Hepatic disease or significant hepatic dysfunction
- Urea cycle disorders
- Mitochondrial disorders (e.g., Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome)
Drug Interactions
Topiramate
Increased risk of hyperammonemia and encephalopathy.
Lamotrigine
Valproate inhibits lamotrigine metabolism, increasing lamotrigine levels and risk of severe rash.
Aspirin, Warfarin
May increase bleeding risk due to valproate's effect on platelet aggregation.
Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine
Can alter valproate levels and vice versa, requiring dose adjustments.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, heart block, coma, hypernatremia, and hepatic dysfunction. Treatment is supportive, potentially involving gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and in severe cases, hemodialysis or hemoperfusion.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: High risk of birth defects (e.g., neural tube defects). Should be avoided during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary and other options are not suitable. Use effective contraception. Lactation: Valproate passes into breast milk, monitor infant for sedation or feeding difficulties. Consult doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to valproate
- Hepatic disease or significant hepatic dysfunction
- Urea cycle disorders
- Mitochondrial disorders (e.g., Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome)
Drug Interactions
Topiramate
Increased risk of hyperammonemia and encephalopathy.
Lamotrigine
Valproate inhibits lamotrigine metabolism, increasing lamotrigine levels and risk of severe rash.
Aspirin, Warfarin
May increase bleeding risk due to valproate's effect on platelet aggregation.
Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine
Can alter valproate levels and vice versa, requiring dose adjustments.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, heart block, coma, hypernatremia, and hepatic dysfunction. Treatment is supportive, potentially involving gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and in severe cases, hemodialysis or hemoperfusion.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: High risk of birth defects (e.g., neural tube defects). Should be avoided during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary and other options are not suitable. Use effective contraception. Lactation: Valproate passes into breast milk, monitor infant for sedation or feeding difficulties. Consult doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by FDA/DGDA
Patent Status
Generic available (off-patent)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied in numerous clinical trials for its efficacy in epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraine prophylaxis. Ongoing research explores its role in other neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (baseline and periodically)
- Platelet count and coagulation parameters
- Valproate plasma levels (if indicated)
- Ammonia levels (if hyperammonemia suspected)
Doctor Notes
- Monitor liver function, platelet counts, and valproate levels regularly, especially during initiation and dose changes.
- Educate patients on symptoms of pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, and suicidal ideation.
- Emphasize strict contraception for women of childbearing age.
Patient Guidelines
- Take as directed by your doctor, do not stop suddenly.
- Report any unusual bleeding, bruising, abdominal pain, or jaundice immediately.
- Do not drink alcohol.
- Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception and discuss pregnancy planning with their doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it's almost time for the next dose. Do not double the dose. Contact your doctor if unsure.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy and balanced diet.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
- Regular exercise may help manage mood and overall well-being.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.