Virlon
Generic Name
Aciclovir
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| virlon 5 mg tablet | ৳ 4.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Virlon (Aciclovir) is an antiviral drug used to treat infections caused by herpes viruses, including herpes simplex (cold sores, genital herpes), herpes zoster (shingles), and varicella (chickenpox). It works by stopping the growth and spread of the virus in the body.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Herpes Simplex: 200 mg 5 times daily for 5-10 days. Suppression of recurrent HSV: 200 mg 4 times daily or 400 mg twice daily. Herpes Zoster: 800 mg 5 times daily for 7-10 days. Varicella: 800 mg 4 times daily for 5-7 days.
Elderly
Consider reduced dosage in elderly with impaired renal function. Maintain adequate hydration.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment required. e.g., CrCl 10-25 mL/min: Reduce dose to 200 mg every 8 hours for HSV, 800 mg every 8 hours for Zoster.
How to Take
Oral tablets can be taken with or without food. Ensure adequate hydration during treatment, especially with high doses. Apply cream thinly to affected areas 5 times daily.
Mechanism of Action
Aciclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue that inhibits viral DNA synthesis and replication. It is selectively phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase to aciclovir monophosphate, then converted to triphosphate by cellular enzymes. Aciclovir triphosphate inhibits viral DNA polymerase and is incorporated into viral DNA, leading to chain termination.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Clinical effects typically observed within 2-3 days for oral therapy.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Dose adjustment required in renal impairment.
Half life
Approximately 2.5-3.3 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (bioavailability 15-30%). Food does not significantly affect absorption.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized to an inactive metabolite (9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to aciclovir or valaciclovir.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases aciclovir plasma half-life and AUC by reducing renal clearance.
Nephrotoxic drugs
Concomitant use with other nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus) may increase the risk of renal dysfunction.
Mycophenolate mofetil
Increases plasma AUC of both drugs, especially in renal impairment.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, and renal impairment. Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Hemodialysis may be effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category B. Use only if clearly needed. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk; use with caution. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months from manufacturing date (varies by dosage form and specific product)
Availability
Available in pharmacies nationwide in Bangladesh
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA, Bangladesh
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of aciclovir in various herpes virus infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine, BUN) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during high-dose therapy.
- Monitor for signs of neurotoxicity.
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients on adequate hydration.
- Caution in elderly and renal impaired patients, monitor renal function.
- Counsel patients on preventing transmission of herpes viruses.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve.
- Drink plenty of fluids to prevent kidney problems.
- Avoid sexual contact if you have genital herpes, even when symptoms are absent, as the virus can still be spread.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Virlon may cause dizziness or confusion. If you experience these side effects, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent spread of infection.
- Avoid triggers for recurrent outbreaks (e.g., stress, sun exposure, fever).
- Use barrier protection during sexual activity to reduce transmission risk.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.