Virlon
Generic Name
Acyclovir
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
Loading images...
Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| virlon 5 mg tablet | ৳ 4.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Virlon 5 mg Tablet contains Acyclovir, an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by herpes simplex viruses (HSV), such as genital herpes, cold sores, and chickenpox. While standard oral acyclovir tablets are typically available in higher strengths (e.g., 200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg), this 5 mg formulation may be intended for specific low-dose applications or pediatric use, or for specialized buccal/lozenge forms, though indicated here as 'Tablet'.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The 5 mg strength is highly unusual for typical systemic oral acyclovir indications, which usually require doses of 200 mg, 400 mg, or 800 mg taken multiple times daily. Consult a physician for specific dosage recommendations for this particular strength, which might be intended for specialized low-dose applications.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment for elderly patients is provided for a 5 mg tablet as it's not a standard systemic strength. For typical higher doses of acyclovir, dose reduction may be necessary in elderly patients due to age-related renal impairment; consult a healthcare professional.
Renal_impairment
For standard higher doses of acyclovir, dosage reduction is required in patients with renal impairment. The relevance for a 5 mg tablet would depend on its intended use; consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
How to Take
Take the tablet with or without food, as directed by your doctor. Ensure adequate hydration during treatment, especially with higher doses of acyclovir.
Mechanism of Action
Acyclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue with in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against human herpes viruses. It is converted to its active triphosphate form (acyclovir triphosphate) inside virus-infected cells. Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits viral DNA replication by interfering with viral DNA polymerase, acting as a substrate for DNA polymerase, and being incorporated into viral DNA, resulting in chain termination.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Clinical effect can be seen within 24-48 hours, though complete resolution of symptoms may take longer.
Excretion
Excreted primarily by the kidneys, both by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, largely as unchanged drug (62-91%) and CMMG (10-14%).
Half life
Plasma half-life is approximately 2.5-3.3 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Oral bioavailability of acyclovir is low, approximately 15-30%, and decreases with increasing dose. Peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) are reached within 1.5-2 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized by aldehyde oxidase, with the main metabolite being 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine (CMMG), which has no antiviral activity.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to acyclovir or valacyclovir.
- Severe renal impairment (relative contraindication for standard doses, requiring careful dose adjustment).
Drug Interactions
Cimetidine
May slightly increase acyclovir plasma levels by reducing renal clearance.
Probenecid
Increases acyclovir plasma concentrations and prolongs its half-life by reducing renal clearance.
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Concurrent use may increase plasma concentrations of both drugs.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include increased side effects such as nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, and hallucinations. In severe cases, renal failure may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis can significantly aid in acyclovir removal.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Acyclovir should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to acyclovir or valacyclovir.
- Severe renal impairment (relative contraindication for standard doses, requiring careful dose adjustment).
Drug Interactions
Cimetidine
May slightly increase acyclovir plasma levels by reducing renal clearance.
Probenecid
Increases acyclovir plasma concentrations and prolongs its half-life by reducing renal clearance.
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Concurrent use may increase plasma concentrations of both drugs.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include increased side effects such as nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, and hallucinations. In severe cases, renal failure may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis can significantly aid in acyclovir removal.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Acyclovir should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years from manufacturing date, check packaging for exact date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available (original patent expired)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Acyclovir has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for various herpes virus infections. Further trials may explore new formulations or indications.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine, BUN) should be monitored, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or those receiving high doses. Liver function tests may be considered in certain cases.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize patient hydration during treatment, especially for high-dose regimens.
- Monitor renal function, particularly in elderly and renally impaired patients.
- Counsel patients on the importance of completing the full course and safe sex practices for genital herpes.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of medication even if symptoms improve.
- Maintain adequate hydration to prevent kidney problems, especially when on higher doses.
- Acyclovir does not cure herpes, but it helps manage symptoms and reduce frequency of outbreaks.
- Acyclovir can reduce the risk of transmitting genital herpes, but it does not eliminate it. Practice safe sex.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Acyclovir may cause dizziness or drowsiness in some individuals. If affected, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid triggers for recurrent herpes outbreaks (e.g., stress, sun exposure, fever).
- Maintain good hygiene and avoid touching lesions to prevent spread.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
Similar medicines available in the market
Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.