Vis-A
Generic Name
Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)
Manufacturer
Generic Pharma Co.
Country
Various
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| vis a 50000 iu capsule | ৳ 1.90 | ৳ 19.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Vis-A 50000 IU Capsule is a fat-soluble vitamin preparation containing high-dose Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate). It is primarily used for the treatment and prevention of Vitamin A deficiency, which can lead to vision problems, impaired immune function, and skin issues. It plays a crucial role in vision, immune function, cell growth, and skin health.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For severe Vitamin A deficiency: 50,000 IU daily for 3 days, then 50,000 IU thrice weekly for 2 weeks, then 10,000-20,000 IU daily for 2 months. For xerophthalmia: A single dose of 200,000 IU orally on day 1, day 2, and then after 2-4 weeks. Consult a healthcare professional for specific dosing.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but caution is advised due to potential for cumulative toxicity. Consult a healthcare professional.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment is typically required, but monitoring is recommended in severe cases due to altered metabolism and excretion. Consult a healthcare professional.
How to Take
Oral. Take the capsule with food, preferably with a meal containing some fat, to ensure optimal absorption. Do not chew or crush the capsule.
Mechanism of Action
Vitamin A (Retinol) is essential for photoreception, specifically for the normal function of the retina. It is a component of rhodopsin, a photopigment found in rod cells, which is necessary for low-light vision. It also plays a role in gene transcription, immune function, embryonic development, and erythropoiesis. Retinoic acid, a metabolite of retinol, acts as a hormone that affects gene expression and cell differentiation.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects for deficiency symptoms may be observed within days to weeks.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine and feces as conjugated metabolites.
Half life
Plasma half-life is approximately 9-23 days, but hepatic stores can last much longer.
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the presence of fats and bile salts.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver to various retinoids, including retinoic acid, and then conjugated with glucuronic acid.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypervitaminosis A (pre-existing excess Vitamin A levels)
- Hypersensitivity to Vitamin A or any component of the capsule
- Concomitant use with other retinoid medications (e.g., isotretinoin, acitretin)
Drug Interactions
Mineral Oil
Can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, including Vitamin A.
Tetracyclines
Concomitant use with Vitamin A may increase the risk of benign intracranial hypertension.
Oral Anticoagulants
High doses of Vitamin A may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing bleeding risk.
Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Orlistat
These can interfere with Vitamin A absorption.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of acute overdose include severe headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision, muscle incoordination, and liver toxicity. Chronic overdose can lead to dry skin, hair loss, fatigue, bone pain, pseudotumor cerebri, and liver damage. Treatment involves immediate discontinuation of the vitamin and supportive care. Consult a poison control center or emergency services.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category X for high doses (above RDA), as excessive Vitamin A intake is teratogenic and can cause birth defects. Use in pregnancy for deficiency must be carefully balanced by a physician. In lactation, Vitamin A is excreted in breast milk; however, high doses should be avoided due to potential for infant toxicity. Consult a healthcare professional before use.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypervitaminosis A (pre-existing excess Vitamin A levels)
- Hypersensitivity to Vitamin A or any component of the capsule
- Concomitant use with other retinoid medications (e.g., isotretinoin, acitretin)
Drug Interactions
Mineral Oil
Can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, including Vitamin A.
Tetracyclines
Concomitant use with Vitamin A may increase the risk of benign intracranial hypertension.
Oral Anticoagulants
High doses of Vitamin A may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing bleeding risk.
Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Orlistat
These can interfere with Vitamin A absorption.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of acute overdose include severe headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision, muscle incoordination, and liver toxicity. Chronic overdose can lead to dry skin, hair loss, fatigue, bone pain, pseudotumor cerebri, and liver damage. Treatment involves immediate discontinuation of the vitamin and supportive care. Consult a poison control center or emergency services.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category X for high doses (above RDA), as excessive Vitamin A intake is teratogenic and can cause birth defects. Use in pregnancy for deficiency must be carefully balanced by a physician. In lactation, Vitamin A is excreted in breast milk; however, high doses should be avoided due to potential for infant toxicity. Consult a healthcare professional before use.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months
Availability
Available worldwide in pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials and epidemiological studies have established the efficacy and safety of Vitamin A supplementation for deficiency, particularly in high-risk populations. Ongoing research focuses on its role in various diseases and optimal dosing strategies.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum Vitamin A levels (especially for chronic high-dose therapy)
- Liver function tests (LFTs) (for chronic high-dose therapy)
- Lipid panel (can sometimes be affected by retinoids)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the teratogenic risk of high-dose Vitamin A in women of childbearing potential.
- Monitor for signs of hypervitaminosis A, especially in patients receiving other retinoids or having impaired renal/hepatic function.
- Advise patients to take with food for better absorption and to avoid concomitant use of other Vitamin A supplements.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not exceed the recommended dose without consulting a doctor.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
- Avoid taking other Vitamin A-containing supplements while on this medication.
- Report any signs of overdose or severe side effects to your doctor immediately.
- If pregnant or planning pregnancy, strictly avoid high doses of Vitamin A.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
This medication may cause dizziness or blurred vision in some individuals, particularly at the start of treatment or with high doses. If you experience these symptoms, avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, as it can deplete Vitamin A stores.
- Regular exercise can support overall health and well-being.
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