Vitsa
Generic Name
vitsa-5-mg-capsule
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| vitsa 5 mg capsule | ৳ 0.49 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Vitsa 5 mg Capsule contains Vildagliptin, an oral anti-diabetic drug that belongs to the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. It is used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual recommended dose of Vildagliptin is 50 mg once or twice daily. For Vitsa 5 mg Capsule, a specific dosage regimen would be prescribed by a physician, potentially as a low-dose option or for titration based on individual patient needs. Standard Vildagliptin therapy typically starts at 50 mg/day.
Elderly
No dose adjustment is required in elderly patients.
Renal_impairment
For patients with moderate or severe renal impairment (CrCl <50 mL/min), the recommended dose of Vildagliptin is 50 mg once daily. Dosage for 5mg would need physician guidance.
How to Take
Vitsa 5 mg Capsule should be taken orally, with or without food. It can be administered irrespective of meal times.
Mechanism of Action
Vildagliptin selectively inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which is responsible for the inactivation of incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP). By preventing the breakdown of incretins, Vildagliptin increases their levels, leading to enhanced insulin secretion and suppressed glucagon secretion from the pancreas, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 2-3 hours for glucose-lowering effects.
Excretion
Approximately 85% excreted renally, 15% through feces. Minimal excretion of unchanged drug in urine.
Half life
Approximately 3 hours (terminal half-life).
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) reached within 1-2 hours. Absolute bioavailability is 85%.
Metabolism
Hydrolysis is the major metabolic pathway, mainly by the enzyme N-dealkylation. No cytochrome P450 involvement.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with severe heart failure (NYHA class III-IV).
- Hepatic impairment.
Drug Interactions
Sulfonylureas
Increased risk of hypoglycemia, may require sulfonylurea dose reduction.
ACE Inhibitors
Increased risk of angioedema when co-administered with ACE inhibitors.
Thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, thyroid products
May reduce the hypoglycemic effect of Vildagliptin.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment should be initiated. Vildagliptin is not effectively removed by hemodialysis. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of fetal harm, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known whether Vildagliptin is excreted in human milk; therefore, caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with severe heart failure (NYHA class III-IV).
- Hepatic impairment.
Drug Interactions
Sulfonylureas
Increased risk of hypoglycemia, may require sulfonylurea dose reduction.
ACE Inhibitors
Increased risk of angioedema when co-administered with ACE inhibitors.
Thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, thyroid products
May reduce the hypoglycemic effect of Vildagliptin.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment should be initiated. Vildagliptin is not effectively removed by hemodialysis. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of fetal harm, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known whether Vildagliptin is excreted in human milk; therefore, caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the manufacturing date, consult package for exact date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Generic versions available
Clinical Trials
Vildagliptin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes, both as monotherapy and in combination with other anti-diabetic agents. Studies have shown significant reductions in HbA1c levels.
Lab Monitoring
- Baseline liver function tests (LFTs) before initiation and periodically thereafter (every 3 months during the first year, then periodically).
- Renal function monitoring (eGFR/creatinine) before initiation and periodically.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of diet and exercise as cornerstone therapy.
- Educate patients on potential signs of hypoglycemia, especially if on combination therapy.
- Monitor liver function tests periodically, particularly during the first year of treatment.
- Advise patients to report any unusual symptoms, especially severe abdominal pain or persistent joint pain.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking the medicine without consulting your doctor.
- Maintain a healthy diet and regular exercise routine.
- Be aware of symptoms of hypoglycemia, especially if used with other diabetes medications.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Vitsa 5 mg Capsule alone is unlikely to cause hypoglycemia and affect driving ability. However, if used in combination with sulfonylurea or insulin, the risk of hypoglycemia may increase, which can impair concentration and reaction time. Patients should be advised on how to recognize and manage hypoglycemia before driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Adhere to a balanced, diabetes-friendly diet.
- Engage in regular physical activity (e.g., 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week).
- Monitor blood glucose levels regularly as advised by your healthcare provider.
- Limit alcohol intake.
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