Adults

The standard adult dosage for Linezolid is typically 600 mg intravenously or orally every 12 hours. A 50 mg injection as specified may be a specific pediatric dose, a starter dose, or a component of a larger regimen. Consult a physician for specific dosage based on infection type and severity.

Elderly

No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients based on age alone. However, monitor for renal function.

Renal_impairment

No dosage adjustment is required for patients with renal impairment or those undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Linezolid is removed by hemodialysis.

Onset

Within hours of administration.

Excretion

Approximately 30% of the dose is excreted as unchanged drug in the urine, 9% in feces. Metabolites are primarily excreted renally.

Half life

Approximately 4-5 hours.

Absorption

Linezolid is rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral administration, with a bioavailability of approximately 100%. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1-2 hours.

Metabolism

Primarily metabolized by non-enzymatic oxidation of the morpholine ring, resulting in two inactive carboxylic acid metabolites. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are not involved.

Tyramine-rich foods

Potential for hypertensive crisis. Advise patients to avoid large quantities of tyramine-rich foods (e.g., aged cheeses, fermented meats, tap beers).

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

Linezolid is a reversible, nonselective MAOI. Concomitant use with other MAOIs (e.g., phenelzine, tranylcypromine) or within two weeks of stopping them can lead to hypertensive crises.

Serotonergic Agents (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, triptans)

Increased risk of serotonin syndrome (confusion, agitation, hyperreflexia, myoclonus, sweating, fever). Avoid concomitant use, or monitor closely.

Adrenergic Agents (e.g., pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, dopamine, epinephrine)

Enhanced pressor response, leading to hypertension. Use with caution, monitor blood pressure.