Xerokof
Generic Name
Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| xerokof 15 mg syrup | ৳ 40.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Xerokof 15 mg syrup is an antitussive medicine containing Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, used for the temporary relief of cough caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation, common cold, or flu.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
15-30 mg every 4-8 hours, not to exceed 120 mg in 24 hours.
Elderly
Same as adult dosage, but caution with other medications.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment provided, use with caution.
How to Take
Administer orally. Use a measuring spoon or cup for accurate dosing.
Mechanism of Action
Dextromethorphan acts centrally on the cough center in the medulla to elevate the cough threshold, thereby suppressing the cough reflex. It is a non-opioid antitussive.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
15-30 minutes
Excretion
Primarily excreted via the kidneys in urine, mainly as metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 2-4 hours, but varies depending on CYP2D6 metabolizer status (up to 15-24 hours in poor metabolizers).
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) to its active metabolite, dextrorphan, and other demethylated metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Dextromethorphan or any component of the syrup.
- Patients currently taking or who have taken MAO inhibitors within 14 days.
- Children under 4-6 years of age (depending on local guidelines).
Drug Interactions
MAO inhibitors
Potentially serious, even fatal, adverse reactions including serotonin syndrome (hyperpyrexia, muscle rigidity, mental status changes).
SSRIs (e.g., Fluoxetine, Paroxetine)
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome due to inhibition of CYP2D6 metabolism.
Other CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives)
Increased CNS depression.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, ataxia, nystagmus, blurred vision, respiratory depression, and excitation. Severe overdose can lead to hallucinations, psychosis, and coma. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, sometimes naloxone may be used in severe cases for respiratory depression.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Generally considered low risk during pregnancy (Category C) but use only if clearly needed. Excreted into breast milk, but generally considered compatible with breastfeeding at usual doses, though caution advised.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Dextromethorphan or any component of the syrup.
- Patients currently taking or who have taken MAO inhibitors within 14 days.
- Children under 4-6 years of age (depending on local guidelines).
Drug Interactions
MAO inhibitors
Potentially serious, even fatal, adverse reactions including serotonin syndrome (hyperpyrexia, muscle rigidity, mental status changes).
SSRIs (e.g., Fluoxetine, Paroxetine)
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome due to inhibition of CYP2D6 metabolism.
Other CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives)
Increased CNS depression.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, ataxia, nystagmus, blurred vision, respiratory depression, and excitation. Severe overdose can lead to hallucinations, psychosis, and coma. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, sometimes naloxone may be used in severe cases for respiratory depression.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Generally considered low risk during pregnancy (Category C) but use only if clearly needed. Excreted into breast milk, but generally considered compatible with breastfeeding at usual doses, though caution advised.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, drugstores
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
Clinical Trials
Dextromethorphan has been extensively studied in clinical trials for its efficacy and safety as an antitussive, demonstrating significant cough suppression compared to placebo.
Lab Monitoring
- No specific lab monitoring is typically required for routine use.
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients about potential for drowsiness and interactions with MAOIs/SSRIs.
- Emphasize appropriate dosing and discourage recreational use.
- Consider underlying cause of cough if persistent.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not exceed recommended dose.
- Avoid operating heavy machinery or driving if experiencing dizziness or drowsiness.
- Consult a doctor if cough persists for more than 7 days, recurs, or is accompanied by fever, rash, or persistent headache.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid exposure to irritants like smoke and dust.
- Get adequate rest.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.