Xolam-XR
Generic Name
Alprazolam Extended Release
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| xolam xr 1 mg tablet | ৳ 4.00 | ৳ 40.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Xolam-XR 1 mg Tablet is an extended-release formulation of Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, used to treat anxiety disorders and panic disorder. It works by enhancing the activity of a specific natural chemical in the body (GABA) that calms brain activity.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For panic disorder: Initially 0.5 mg to 1 mg orally once daily. May increase every 3-4 days in increments of no more than 1 mg/day to a maximum of 10 mg/day.
Elderly
Lower initial doses (e.g., 0.5 mg once daily) are recommended, with careful titration due to increased sensitivity.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment guidance for mild to moderate impairment; use with caution in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Take orally once daily, preferably in the morning. Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush, chew, or break it. Can be taken with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Alprazolam acts by binding to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA-A neuron at various sites in the central nervous system, including the limbic system, reticular formation, and cerebral cortex. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA, leading to CNS depression.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours for XR.
Excretion
Excreted primarily in the urine as metabolites and negligible amounts of unchanged drug.
Half life
Approximately 10-20 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. XR formulation provides sustained plasma concentrations.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP3A4, into alpha-hydroxyalprazolam and a benzophenone derivative, both active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to alprazolam or other benzodiazepines.
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma.
- Concomitant use with strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole).
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of respiratory depression, profound sedation, coma, and death.
CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluvoxamine, nefazodone)
May increase alprazolam plasma concentrations, increasing risk of adverse effects.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, other sedatives, antihistamines, antidepressants)
Additive CNS depressant effects.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C), protected from moisture and light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Treatment is primarily supportive; flumazenil may be considered in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. May cause fetal harm. Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to alprazolam or other benzodiazepines.
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma.
- Concomitant use with strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole).
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of respiratory depression, profound sedation, coma, and death.
CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluvoxamine, nefazodone)
May increase alprazolam plasma concentrations, increasing risk of adverse effects.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, other sedatives, antihistamines, antidepressants)
Additive CNS depressant effects.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C), protected from moisture and light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Treatment is primarily supportive; flumazenil may be considered in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. May cause fetal harm. Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by FDA/DGDA
Patent Status
Generic available
Clinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of alprazolam XR in panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially with prolonged use or pre-existing hepatic impairment).
- Complete blood count (rarely, blood dyscrasias can occur).
Doctor Notes
- Prescribe for the shortest duration possible to minimize dependence.
- Counsel patients on withdrawal symptoms and the importance of gradual tapering.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly without consulting your doctor, as it can cause withdrawal symptoms.
- Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice during treatment.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you are aware of how this medication affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Practice relaxation techniques to manage anxiety.
- Maintain a regular sleep schedule.
- Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
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Global Brand Names
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