Zival
Generic Name
Levocetirizine
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| zival 5 mg tablet | ৳ 2.50 | ৳ 25.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Zival 5 mg Tablet contains Levocetirizine, a second-generation antihistamine used to relieve symptoms associated with allergic conditions such as seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria. It works by blocking histamine, a natural substance that the body produces during an allergic reaction.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The recommended dose is 5 mg (one tablet) once daily in the evening.
Elderly
No dose adjustment is generally needed unless there is renal impairment. For elderly patients with impaired renal function, dosage should be adjusted as per renal impairment guidelines.
Renal_impairment
For mild renal impairment (CrCl 50-79 mL/min): 5 mg once daily. For moderate renal impairment (CrCl 30-49 mL/min): 5 mg every other day. For severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min): 5 mg twice a week. Contraindicated in end-stage renal disease (CrCl <10 mL/min).
How to Take
Zival 5 mg Tablet should be taken orally, with or without food. It is generally recommended to take it in the evening.
Mechanism of Action
Levocetirizine is a potent and selective antagonist of peripheral H1-receptors. It blocks the action of histamine, a chemical mediator released during allergic reactions, thereby reducing allergic symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes, and itching.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action is typically within 1 hour.
Excretion
Excreted mainly via urine (approximately 85.4% of the dose) and feces (approximately 12.9%).
Half life
Plasma elimination half-life is approximately 7-10 hours in healthy adults.
Absorption
Rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentration is reached within 0.9 to 1 hour.
Metabolism
Less than 14% of the dose is metabolized. Primarily metabolized by oxidation via various CYP isoforms.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to levocetirizine or any component of the tablet
- •Severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease (CrCl <10 mL/min)
- •Patients undergoing hemodialysis
Drug Interactions
Ritonavir
May increase plasma concentrations of levocetirizine, increasing the risk of adverse effects.
Theophylline
A slight decrease in levocetirizine clearance may occur, but is unlikely to be clinically significant.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives)
Concomitant use may increase central nervous system depression, potentially leading to increased drowsiness or impaired performance.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness in adults and agitation or restlessness followed by drowsiness in children. In case of an overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated as soon as possible. There is no known specific antidote for levocetirizine.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Zival should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Levocetirizine is excreted in human milk; therefore, it is not recommended for use during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA, Bangladesh
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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