Axeclav
Generic Name
Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid
Manufacturer
Acme Pharmaceuticals
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| axeclav 250 mg tablet | ৳ 35.00 | ৳ 210.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Axeclav-250 mg tablet is a broad-spectrum antibiotic containing amoxicillin, a penicillin-type antibiotic, and clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. It is used to treat various bacterial infections that are resistant to amoxicillin alone.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
One 250 mg/62.5 mg tablet three times daily, or as directed by physician. Dosage varies based on infection severity and type.
Elderly
Dosage should be adjusted based on renal function; otherwise, follow adult dosage.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment required based on creatinine clearance. e.g., CrCl >30 ml/min: No adjustment; CrCl 10-30 ml/min: 250 mg/62.5 mg every 12 hours; CrCl <10 ml/min: 250 mg/62.5 mg every 24 hours.
How to Take
Oral administration. Take at the start of a meal to minimize potential gastrointestinal intolerance and to enhance absorption of clavulanic acid. Swallow whole with water; do not chew or crush.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Clavulanic acid irreversibly binds to and inactivates a wide range of beta-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria, thereby protecting amoxicillin from degradation and extending its spectrum of activity.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antibacterial effects typically begin within 1 hour of administration.
Excretion
Both components are primarily eliminated unchanged by the kidneys (glomerular filtration and tubular secretion) within 6 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1-1.5 hours for both components in healthy adults, prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Peak serum concentrations are achieved approximately 1-2 hours after dosing. Food has minimal effect on absorption.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin is minimally metabolized. Clavulanic acid is extensively metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin or any component of the drug
- History of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction associated with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
- Severe renal impairment (without dose adjustment)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal excretion.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (advise additional contraceptive methods).
Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time; close monitoring of INR is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance. Renal impairment and convulsions may occur in severe cases. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis can remove both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted into breast milk; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers. Monitor for diarrhea, candidiasis, or skin rash in the infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin or any component of the drug
- History of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction associated with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
- Severe renal impairment (without dose adjustment)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal excretion.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (advise additional contraceptive methods).
Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time; close monitoring of INR is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance. Renal impairment and convulsions may occur in severe cases. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis can remove both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted into breast milk; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers. Monitor for diarrhea, candidiasis, or skin rash in the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics worldwide
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available, patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for various bacterial infections. Ongoing research explores new indications and resistance patterns.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or during prolonged treatment)
- Renal function tests (in patients with renal impairment)
- Complete blood count (for prolonged therapy)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize adherence to the full prescribed course.
- Counsel patients on potential GI side effects and advise taking with food.
- Be aware of potential drug interactions, especially with anticoagulants and oral contraceptives.
- Monitor for signs of hypersensitivity reactions.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Take with food to minimize stomach upset.
- Report any severe or persistent diarrhea, rash, or allergic reactions to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Axeclav-250 mg tablet may cause dizziness or headaches in some individuals, which could impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. Exercise caution until you know how the medication affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent further infections.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid self-medication with antibiotics.
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