Cavapro
Generic Name
Irbesartan
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cavapro 150 mg tablet | ৳ 12.00 | ৳ 120.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cavapro 150 mg tablet is an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and to protect kidneys in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual starting dose is 150 mg once daily. The dose can be increased to 300 mg once daily if blood pressure is not adequately controlled. May be taken with or without food.
Elderly
No initial dosage adjustment is generally necessary for elderly patients.
Renal_impairment
No initial dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with mild to severe renal impairment. Careful monitoring of blood pressure and renal function is advised.
How to Take
Take orally with a glass of water, with or without food, preferably at the same time each day.
Mechanism of Action
Irbesartan selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor, found in many tissues (e.g., vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland). This blockade prevents the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of blood pressure reduction typically occurs within 1-2 hours. Full antihypertensive effect is achieved within 4-6 weeks.
Excretion
Approximately 20% of the dose is excreted in urine (less than 2% as unchanged drug) and 80% is excreted in feces via biliary elimination.
Half life
Mean terminal elimination half-life is 11-15 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; absolute bioavailability is 60-80%. Peak plasma concentration is reached 1.5-2 hours after oral administration.
Metabolism
Irbesartan is minimally metabolized by the liver, primarily by CYP2C9. It forms an inactive metabolite.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to irbesartan or any component of the formulation.
- Pregnancy (especially second and third trimesters).
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and lithium toxicity have been reported. Monitor lithium levels carefully.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May increase the antihypertensive effect. Consider a lower starting dose.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of irbesartan and lead to deterioration of renal function, including possible acute renal failure, especially in elderly or volume-depleted patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, or salt substitutes containing potassium
May lead to hyperkalemia. Monitor serum potassium levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
The most likely manifestation of overdose is hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia might also occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Irbesartan is not removed by hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to risk of fetal harm. Avoid use during lactation as it is unknown if irbesartan is excreted in human milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to irbesartan or any component of the formulation.
- Pregnancy (especially second and third trimesters).
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and lithium toxicity have been reported. Monitor lithium levels carefully.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May increase the antihypertensive effect. Consider a lower starting dose.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect of irbesartan and lead to deterioration of renal function, including possible acute renal failure, especially in elderly or volume-depleted patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, or salt substitutes containing potassium
May lead to hyperkalemia. Monitor serum potassium levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
The most likely manifestation of overdose is hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia might also occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Irbesartan is not removed by hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to risk of fetal harm. Avoid use during lactation as it is unknown if irbesartan is excreted in human milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years from the date of manufacture, specific to manufacturer's guidelines.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
DGDA approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
Clinical Trials
Irbesartan has been extensively studied in clinical trials for its efficacy in hypertension and diabetic nephropathy, demonstrating significant blood pressure reduction and renal protective effects.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum electrolytes (especially potassium) - regularly, particularly in patients with renal impairment or those taking potassium-sparing diuretics.
- Renal function (creatinine, BUN) - periodically, especially in patients with pre-existing renal disease or during concomitant therapy with NSAIDs.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of consistent medication adherence for optimal blood pressure control.
- Advise patients on lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, smoking cessation) in conjunction with medication.
- Monitor renal function and serum potassium levels periodically, especially in high-risk patients (e.g., elderly, renal impairment, concomitant use of NSAIDs or potassium-sparing diuretics).
- Educate patients about the signs of angioedema and hyperkalemia.
Patient Guidelines
- Take your medicine regularly as prescribed, even if you feel well.
- Do not stop taking the medicine abruptly without consulting your doctor.
- Monitor your blood pressure regularly at home.
- Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium unless advised by your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness or fatigue. If you experience these symptoms, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Adopt a healthy lifestyle including a low-sodium diet and regular physical activity.
- Maintain a healthy weight, quit smoking, and limit alcohol intake.
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