Cefixim
Generic Name
Cefixime 400 mg capsule
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cefixim 400 mg capsule | ৳ 55.00 | ৳ 550.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cefixime is an oral third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including those of the respiratory and urinary tracts, and gonorrhea.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 400 mg orally once daily or 200 mg orally every 12 hours. Duration of treatment varies depending on the infection.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients, unless there is severe renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
For patients with creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min, the dose should be adjusted. For example, 200 mg once daily for CrCl 21-60 mL/min and 100 mg once daily for CrCl < 20 mL/min.
How to Take
Take orally with or without food. For optimal absorption, it can be taken with food. Swallow the capsule whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Cefixime exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, thereby interfering with the peptidoglycan synthesis that is crucial for cell wall integrity.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations are achieved 2 to 8 hours following a single 400 mg oral dose.
Excretion
Approximately 50% of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine over 24 hours. A small percentage is excreted via bile.
Half life
The plasma half-life averages 3 to 4 hours, and can be prolonged in individuals with renal impairment.
Absorption
Approximately 40-50% absorbed orally. Food may delay absorption but does not significantly affect the extent of absorption.
Metabolism
Cefixime is not extensively metabolized in vivo. There are no active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases cefixime plasma concentrations by inhibiting renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Concomitant administration may increase carbamazepine plasma concentrations. Therapeutic drug monitoring may be necessary.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased prothrombin time (INR) with or without bleeding. Close monitoring of coagulation parameters is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities from the circulation by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Overdose management should be symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Animal reproduction studies have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. However, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in human milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases cefixime plasma concentrations by inhibiting renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Concomitant administration may increase carbamazepine plasma concentrations. Therapeutic drug monitoring may be necessary.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased prothrombin time (INR) with or without bleeding. Close monitoring of coagulation parameters is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities from the circulation by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Overdose management should be symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Animal reproduction studies have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. However, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in human milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of cefixime in various bacterial infections, leading to its widespread approval and use.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor renal function in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Monitor complete blood counts (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Monitor INR/PT in patients concurrently taking oral anticoagulants.
Doctor Notes
- Assess renal function, especially in elderly or patients with pre-existing kidney disease, and adjust dose accordingly.
- Advise patients about the risk of C. difficile-associated diarrhea and to seek medical attention if severe diarrhea occurs.
- Be aware of potential cross-allergenicity with penicillins; obtain a thorough allergy history.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve.
- Do not share this medication with others.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cefixime may cause dizziness or headaches in some individuals. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
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Global Brand Names
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