Cephid
Generic Name
Cefixime
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cephid 250 mg capsule | ৳ 6.52 | ৳ 32.60 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cefixime is an oral third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including those of the urinary tract, ear, throat, and respiratory system. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 200 mg once daily or 100 mg twice daily. For severe infections, the dose may be increased to 400 mg once daily. For a 250 mg capsule, follow physician's instruction, often 250 mg once or twice daily.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is required based on age alone, but renal function should be assessed and monitored.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance 21-60 mL/min, 75% of the standard dose; for creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min, 50% of the standard dose. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis patients: 50% of the standard dose.
How to Take
Take the capsule orally, with or without food. It is recommended to take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent drug levels.
Mechanism of Action
Cefixime exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which are essential for various stages of cell wall synthesis. This interference leads to the lysis and death of bacterial cells.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 2-6 hours after oral administration.
Excretion
Approximately 50% of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine over 24 hours. A small proportion is excreted via bile.
Half life
The plasma elimination half-life is typically 3 to 4 hours, which can be prolonged in patients with renal impairment.
Absorption
Approximately 40-50% orally absorbed. Food may delay absorption but does not significantly affect the extent of absorption.
Metabolism
Cefixime is not significantly metabolized in the body. About 10% may be metabolized to inactive products.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May increase prothrombin time (INR) and risk of bleeding. Monitor INR closely.
Nifedipine
May increase cefixime peak plasma concentration and AUC.
Carbamazepine
May increase carbamazepine plasma concentrations.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use with caution during pregnancy if clearly needed. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; use with caution during lactation, or consider alternative if possible. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May increase prothrombin time (INR) and risk of bleeding. Monitor INR closely.
Nifedipine
May increase cefixime peak plasma concentration and AUC.
Carbamazepine
May increase carbamazepine plasma concentrations.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use with caution during pregnancy if clearly needed. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; use with caution during lactation, or consider alternative if possible. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months from manufacturing date, check specific packaging for exact date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of Cefixime in treating various bacterial infections in adults and children.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) during prolonged therapy or in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) if therapy is prolonged.
Doctor Notes
- Consider culture and susceptibility testing before initiating treatment, especially for recurrent infections.
- Educate patients on the importance of completing the full course of therapy to prevent resistance and treatment failure.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve, to prevent resistance.
- Do not share this medicine with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
- Store medicine properly as directed.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefixime may cause dizziness in some patients. Patients should be cautioned about driving or operating machinery until they know how the drug affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate side effects like nausea or dizziness.
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Global Brand Names
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