Cipro
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Various (Generic Manufacturers)
Country
Global/Various
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cipro 250 mg suspension | ৳ 80.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies depending on the type and severity of infection. For most moderate infections, 250-500 mg every 12 hours. For suspension, dosage should be carefully measured.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment for elderly patients with normal renal function. Dosage should be adjusted based on creatinine clearance if renal impairment is present.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment is required. For creatinine clearance 30-50 mL/min, administer 250-500 mg every 12 hours. For <30 mL/min, administer 250-500 mg every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Take orally, with or without food. However, avoid taking with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone. Shake the bottle well before each use. Use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing.
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antibacterial effects usually within 1-2 hours; peak plasma concentrations reached within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted renally (about 50-70% as unchanged drug) and to a lesser extent via feces (15%).
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with approximately 70-80% bioavailability.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to four active metabolites; however, parent drug is the major active component.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones.
- •Concomitant administration with tizanidine due to increased risk of adverse effects.
- •History of myasthenia gravis, due to potential exacerbation.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and seizures.
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect, leading to bleeding risk; monitor INR.
Tizanidine
Contraindicated; significantly increased tizanidine plasma levels leading to hypotension and sedation.
Methotrexate
Increased methotrexate plasma levels, potentially increasing toxicity.
Theophylline
Increased theophylline plasma levels and risk of toxicity.
Antacids/Mineral Supplements
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin; take ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C. Store the reconstituted suspension at room temperature (15-30°C) or in the refrigerator (2-8°C). Protect from light and moisture. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, confusion, and seizures. Management involves symptomatic and supportive treatment. Gastric lavage may be considered if recent ingestion. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only a small amount of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk and is generally not recommended during lactation due to potential adverse effects on the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years for unopened product. Reconstituted suspension should be used within 14 days when stored at room temperature or refrigerated.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
FDA/DGDA Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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