Cipron
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
cipron 500 mg tablet | ৳ 14.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cipron 500 mg Tablet is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including those affecting the urinary tract, respiratory tract, skin, bones, and joints. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dosage is 500 mg twice daily for 7-14 days, depending on the type and severity of infection. For uncomplicated UTIs, 250 mg twice daily for 3 days may be prescribed. Doses can range from 250 mg to 750 mg twice daily.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but renal function should be considered, and dose adjustments may be necessary if renal impairment is present.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment is required. For example, if creatinine clearance is 30-60 mL/min, the dose should be reduced to 250-500 mg every 12 hours. If creatinine clearance is <30 mL/min, the dose should be 250-500 mg every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Take Cipron 500 mg Tablet orally, with or without food. Do not chew, crush, or break the tablet. Swallow it whole with a glass of water. Avoid taking it with dairy products (milk, yogurt) or calcium-fortified juices, as these can reduce absorption. Take antacids, iron supplements, or multivitamins containing zinc at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after taking ciprofloxacin.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes involved in DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to the disruption of bacterial DNA and ultimately bacterial cell death (bactericidal action).
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours for antibacterial effect.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (50-70%) and to a lesser extent via feces (15-30%).
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Bioavailability is approximately 70-80%.
Metabolism
Undergoes limited hepatic metabolism (approximately 10-20%) to several less active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Co-administration with tizanidine due to increased risk of hypotension and sedation.
- History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone administration.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiation of anticoagulant effect, increased risk of bleeding.
Tizanidine
Increased risk of hypotension and sedation.
Theophylline
Increased plasma levels of theophylline, leading to toxicity.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, didanosine
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin if taken concurrently. Administer ciprofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. Gastric lavage may be considered soon after ingestion. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may be useful in removing ciprofloxacin from the body, but it is minimally effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ciprofloxacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the developing fetus, particularly regarding cartilage development. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted into breast milk and therefore not recommended during breastfeeding due to potential adverse effects on the infant (e.g., arthropathy).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Co-administration with tizanidine due to increased risk of hypotension and sedation.
- History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone administration.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiation of anticoagulant effect, increased risk of bleeding.
Tizanidine
Increased risk of hypotension and sedation.
Theophylline
Increased plasma levels of theophylline, leading to toxicity.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, didanosine
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin if taken concurrently. Administer ciprofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. Gastric lavage may be considered soon after ingestion. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may be useful in removing ciprofloxacin from the body, but it is minimally effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ciprofloxacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the developing fetus, particularly regarding cartilage development. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted into breast milk and therefore not recommended during breastfeeding due to potential adverse effects on the infant (e.g., arthropathy).
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture, specific to batch.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities (e.g., DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ciprofloxacin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor for new adverse events.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (creatinine, BUN) for patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) for prolonged therapy.
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST) if liver dysfunction is suspected.
Doctor Notes
- Always inquire about patient's history of tendon disorders or myasthenia gravis before prescribing.
- Educate patients on black box warnings, including symptoms of tendinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects.
- Advise patients to avoid concurrent intake of dairy products and certain antacids/supplements.
- Consider alternative antibiotics for uncomplicated infections, reserving fluoroquinolones for more severe or resistant cases.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire course of medication, even if symptoms improve.
- Drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication.
- Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight or artificial UV light, as ciprofloxacin can increase photosensitivity.
- Report any tendon pain, swelling, or inflammation immediately to your doctor.
- Do not take with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, and rarely impaired vision. Patients should be advised to know how they react to ciprofloxacin before driving a car or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent reinfections.
- Avoid self-medication and always consult a doctor before starting any new medicine.
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