Clinacyn
Generic Name
Clindamycin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| clinacyn 300 mg capsule | ৳ 15.00 | ৳ 150.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clinacyn 300 mg Capsule is an antibiotic medicine containing Clindamycin, used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections including skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, respiratory tract infections, and intra-abdominal infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For serious infections, 150-300 mg every 6-8 hours. For more severe infections, 300-450 mg every 6-8 hours. Maximum daily dose is 1.8 grams.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is generally required based on age alone, but monitor renal and hepatic function, especially if impaired.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe impairment (CrCl < 30 mL/min) or end-stage renal disease, dose adjustment or increased dosing interval may be considered based on clinical response.
How to Take
Clinacyn capsules should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water (approximately 240 mL) to prevent esophageal irritation. It can be taken with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Clindamycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby inhibiting peptide chain initiation and translocation. This action leads to a bacteriostatic effect on susceptible organisms.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action typically within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Excreted primarily through urine and feces (bile). About 10% is excreted as active drug in urine and 3.6% in feces.
Half life
Plasma half-life is approximately 2-3 hours in adults with normal renal and hepatic function, but may be prolonged in severe impairment.
Absorption
Rapid and almost complete absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, not significantly affected by food. Bioavailability is about 90%.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver to active (N-demethyl clindamycin and clindamycin sulfoxide) and inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to clindamycin, lincomycin, or any component of the formulation.
- History of antibiotic-associated colitis, especially Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).
Drug Interactions
Erythromycin
Due to antagonistic effects, clindamycin and erythromycin should not be co-administered.
Kaolin-pectin
Oral kaolin-pectin preparations may decrease the absorption of clindamycin. Administer clindamycin at least 2 hours before kaolin-pectin.
Neuromuscular blocking agents
Clindamycin has neuromuscular blocking properties, which may enhance the action of other neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., succinylcholine, vecuronium), potentially leading to prolonged respiratory depression.
Warfarin and other Vitamin K antagonists
Increased risk of bleeding due to potential enhancement of anticoagulant effects. Monitor INR closely.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a cool, dry place. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing clindamycin from the blood.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Clindamycin is excreted into breast milk. Potential for adverse effects on breastfed infants, particularly on gastrointestinal flora. Use with caution during breastfeeding.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to clindamycin, lincomycin, or any component of the formulation.
- History of antibiotic-associated colitis, especially Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).
Drug Interactions
Erythromycin
Due to antagonistic effects, clindamycin and erythromycin should not be co-administered.
Kaolin-pectin
Oral kaolin-pectin preparations may decrease the absorption of clindamycin. Administer clindamycin at least 2 hours before kaolin-pectin.
Neuromuscular blocking agents
Clindamycin has neuromuscular blocking properties, which may enhance the action of other neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., succinylcholine, vecuronium), potentially leading to prolonged respiratory depression.
Warfarin and other Vitamin K antagonists
Increased risk of bleeding due to potential enhancement of anticoagulant effects. Monitor INR closely.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a cool, dry place. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing clindamycin from the blood.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Clindamycin is excreted into breast milk. Potential for adverse effects on breastfed infants, particularly on gastrointestinal flora. Use with caution during breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available, original patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety profile of Clindamycin for various susceptible bacterial infections. Ongoing research continues to explore its role in new indications and in addressing antibiotic resistance.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST, bilirubin) for prolonged therapy or in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment.
- Kidney function tests (serum creatinine, BUN) for prolonged therapy or in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Complete blood count (CBC) for prolonged therapy.
- Stool examination for Clostridioides difficile toxin if diarrhea occurs during or after treatment.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of treatment to patients.
- Counsel patients on the risk of Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) and advise immediate reporting of severe diarrhea.
- Caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease, especially colitis.
- Consider liver and renal function monitoring for prolonged therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor and complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better.
- Swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water to prevent irritation of the esophagus.
- Report any severe or persistent diarrhea, especially if it contains blood or mucus, to your doctor immediately.
- Do not share this medicine with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Clinacyn is not known to impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or any other side effects that could affect your concentration, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during treatment.
- Avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics to prevent antibiotic resistance.
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