Demax
Generic Name
Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| demax 5 mg injection | ৳ 15.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Demax 5 mg Injection contains Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate, a potent synthetic corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-allergic effects in various medical conditions.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage is highly variable and individualized based on the condition being treated and patient response. Typically ranges from 0.5 mg to 20 mg per day administered intramuscularly or intravenously.
Elderly
Elderly patients may require lower doses due to potential decreased renal or hepatic function and increased susceptibility to adverse effects. Monitor closely.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment is typically required for renal impairment, but careful monitoring of fluid and electrolyte balance is advisable.
How to Take
Demax 5 mg Injection should be administered intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM) by a healthcare professional. Dosage and duration of treatment are individualized based on the patient's condition and response.
Mechanism of Action
Dexamethasone exerts its action by binding to specific glucocorticoid receptors in the cytoplasm, forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus. This complex modulates gene expression, leading to the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteins and inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators, thereby reducing inflammation and immunosuppression.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (minutes to hours depending on route and condition).
Excretion
Mainly renal (kidney) as inactive metabolites.
Half life
Plasma half-life: 3-4.5 hours; Biological half-life: 36-54 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic (liver) via CYP3A4 enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Known hypersensitivity to dexamethasone or any component of the formulation
- Administration of live or live-attenuated vaccines in patients receiving immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Dexamethasone may potentiate or diminish anticoagulant effects; monitor INR.
Diuretics (e.g., Thiazides, Loop diuretics)
Increased risk of hypokalemia.
CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., Phenytoin, Rifampicin)
May decrease dexamethasone efficacy by increasing its metabolism.
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Macrolide antibiotics)
May increase dexamethasone plasma concentrations and adverse effects.
Storage
Store below 25°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose is rare. Symptoms may include adrenal suppression, fluid retention, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; no specific antidote exists. Gradual tapering of dose is essential after prolonged high-dose therapy.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Dexamethasone is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Known hypersensitivity to dexamethasone or any component of the formulation
- Administration of live or live-attenuated vaccines in patients receiving immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Dexamethasone may potentiate or diminish anticoagulant effects; monitor INR.
Diuretics (e.g., Thiazides, Loop diuretics)
Increased risk of hypokalemia.
CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., Phenytoin, Rifampicin)
May decrease dexamethasone efficacy by increasing its metabolism.
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Macrolide antibiotics)
May increase dexamethasone plasma concentrations and adverse effects.
Storage
Store below 25°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose is rare. Symptoms may include adrenal suppression, fluid retention, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; no specific antidote exists. Gradual tapering of dose is essential after prolonged high-dose therapy.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Dexamethasone is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date, refer to packaging for exact date.
Availability
Pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Off-patent, generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Dexamethasone has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials for its efficacy in inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune conditions, as well as its role in oncology and cerebral edema management. Ongoing trials continue to explore new applications and optimal dosing strategies.
Lab Monitoring
- Blood glucose levels
- Electrolyte levels (especially potassium)
- Blood pressure
- Intraocular pressure (with prolonged use)
- Bone mineral density (with long-term use)
- HPA axis function (after prolonged therapy)
Doctor Notes
- Always consider the risk-benefit ratio, especially for long-term use.
- Gradual tapering is crucial to prevent adrenal crisis upon discontinuation.
- Monitor patients for signs of infection, hyperglycemia, and fluid retention.
- Corticosteroids may mask signs and symptoms of infection.
Patient Guidelines
- Follow your doctor's instructions carefully regarding dosage and duration.
- Do not stop taking the medicine abruptly without consulting your doctor, as this may lead to withdrawal symptoms.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects to your healthcare provider immediately.
- Avoid contact with people who have infections, especially chickenpox or measles, while on treatment.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose of Demax injection is missed, it should be administered as soon as possible, unless it is almost time for the next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Dexamethasone may cause dizziness, blurred vision, or mood changes in some individuals. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet, potentially low in sodium and high in potassium.
- Engage in regular, moderate exercise to help prevent muscle weakness and osteoporosis.
- Consider calcium and vitamin D supplementation to support bone health, especially during long-term therapy.
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