Dilol
Generic Name
Carvedilol
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| dilol 125 mg tablet | ৳ 5.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Carvedilol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic blocker with alpha-1 blocking activity. It is used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and to improve survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Hypertension: Initially 6.25 mg twice daily, may be increased to 12.5 mg or 25 mg twice daily after 1-2 weeks. Congestive Heart Failure: Initially 3.125 mg twice daily for two weeks, gradually increasing as tolerated to a maximum of 25 mg twice daily for patients < 85 kg, or 50 mg twice daily for patients > 85 kg. Left Ventricular Dysfunction Post-MI: Initially 6.25 mg twice daily, increasing gradually to 25 mg twice daily.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but cautious titration and monitoring are advised.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment usually required for mild to moderate renal impairment. Use with caution in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Take orally, preferably with food to slow absorption and reduce the risk of orthostatic hypotension. Do not crush or chew the tablet.
Mechanism of Action
Carvedilol acts as a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker (β1 and β2) and also blocks alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. Beta-blockade leads to a reduction in heart rate and myocardial contractility, thereby decreasing cardiac output and blood pressure. Alpha-1 blockade causes vasodilation, which reduces peripheral vascular resistance.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1 hour (antihypertensive effect). Full therapeutic effect in heart failure may take weeks.
Excretion
Primarily excreted in bile and feces; a small portion is renally excreted.
Half life
Approximately 7-10 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral administration, but bioavailability is about 25-35% due to significant first-pass metabolism. Peak plasma concentrations reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP2D6 and CYP2C9, to several active and inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Bronchial asthma or related bronchospastic conditions
- •Second- or third-degree AV block (unless permanent pacemaker in place)
- •Sick sinus syndrome (unless permanent pacemaker in place)
- •Cardiogenic shock
- •Severe bradycardia
- •Decompensated heart failure requiring intravenous inotropic therapy
- •Severe hepatic impairment
- •Known hypersensitivity to carvedilol or any component of the formulation
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
May increase digoxin levels.
Clonidine
Potentiation of blood pressure and heart rate lowering effects.
Rifampicin
May decrease plasma concentrations of carvedilol.
Insulin/Oral Hypoglycemics
May mask symptoms of hypoglycemia and potentiate blood glucose lowering effects.
CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Quinidine)
May increase plasma concentrations of carvedilol.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe hypotension, bradycardia, cardiac insufficiency, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, bronchospasm, vomiting. Management is supportive, including gastric lavage, atropine for bradycardia, glucagon, vasopressors, and bronchodilators as needed.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus. Excreted in human breast milk; breastfeeding is generally not recommended.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, EMA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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