Dipan
Generic Name
Diazepam
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| dipan 2 mg tablet | ৳ 11.40 | ৳ 114.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
A benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety, insomnia, seizures, muscle spasms, and alcohol withdrawal.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Anxiety: 2-10 mg, 2-4 times daily. Severe anxiety: 5-20 mg, 2-4 times daily. Muscle spasm: 2-10 mg, 2-4 times daily.
Elderly
Initially, 2-2.5 mg, 1-2 times daily; gradually increase if needed.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for mild to moderate impairment. Use with caution in severe impairment.
How to Take
Oral. Can be taken with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Potentiates the effect of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding to benzodiazepine receptors on the GABA-A receptor complex, leading to increased chloride ion influx and neuronal hyperpolarization.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
30-60 minutes (oral)
Excretion
Mainly renal, primarily as conjugated metabolites.
Half life
20-100 hours (Diazepam) and 30-200 hours (active metabolite desmethyldiazepam)
Absorption
Readily absorbed from the GI tract; peak plasma concentrations in 30-90 minutes (oral).
Metabolism
Extensively hepatic via CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 to active metabolites (desmethyldiazepam, temazepam, oxazepam) and inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to diazepam or other benzodiazepines
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Sleep apnea syndrome
- Severe hepatic insufficiency
- Myasthenia gravis
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation.
Antacids
May delay absorption of diazepam.
Alcohol and other CNS depressants
Enhanced CNS depressant effects.
CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., cimetidine, erythromycin, fluoxetine)
May increase diazepam plasma levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms: Somnolence, confusion, diminished reflexes, coma. Management: Gastric lavage, activated charcoal. Flumazenil may be used as an antidote, but caution is advised in patients on chronic benzodiazepine therapy.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. Not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, due to risk of congenital malformations. Excreted in breast milk, avoid during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to diazepam or other benzodiazepines
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Sleep apnea syndrome
- Severe hepatic insufficiency
- Myasthenia gravis
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation.
Antacids
May delay absorption of diazepam.
Alcohol and other CNS depressants
Enhanced CNS depressant effects.
CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., cimetidine, erythromycin, fluoxetine)
May increase diazepam plasma levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms: Somnolence, confusion, diminished reflexes, coma. Management: Gastric lavage, activated charcoal. Flumazenil may be used as an antidote, but caution is advised in patients on chronic benzodiazepine therapy.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. Not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, due to risk of congenital malformations. Excreted in breast milk, avoid during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Diazepam has been extensively studied since its introduction for various anxiety, seizure, and muscle spasm conditions.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if prolonged use
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) if blood dyscrasias suspected
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients on the risk of dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms.
- Caution in elderly patients due to increased sensitivity and risk of falls and cognitive impairment.
- Assess for co-morbid substance use disorders before initiation.
- Avoid concomitant use with opioids due to severe respiratory depression risk.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop abruptly to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
- Avoid alcohol and other sedatives.
- Report unusual changes in mood or behavior.
- Take exactly as prescribed.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Avoid until you know how this medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Practice good sleep hygiene.
- Engage in stress-reducing activities.
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Global Brand Names
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