Disogen
Generic Name
Clonazepam
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| disogen 05 mg tablet | ৳ 6.00 | ৳ 60.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative with anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative, and muscle relaxant properties. It is used to treat various seizure disorders and panic disorder.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Panic disorder: Initially 0.25 mg BID, may be increased to 1 mg/day after 3 days. Max: 4 mg/day. Seizure disorders: Initially 0.5 mg TID, may be increased by 0.5-1 mg every 3 days. Max: 20 mg/day.
Elderly
Lower initial doses are recommended due to increased sensitivity and reduced metabolism.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment required, but caution is advised.
How to Take
Orally with or without food. Do not stop abruptly due to withdrawal risk.
Mechanism of Action
Enhances the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, leading to CNS depression.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
20-60 minutes (oral)
Excretion
Primarily excreted in the urine as metabolites, with only a small amount excreted unchanged.
Half life
18-50 hours
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma concentrations usually occur within 1-4 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by nitroreduction, followed by N-acetylation and glucuronide conjugation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Known hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, barbiturates)
Additive CNS depressant effects.
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, fluconazole)
May increase clonazepam levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Management is primarily supportive, with gastric lavage or activated charcoal if recent ingestion. Flumazenil may be considered but with caution in patients with chronic benzodiazepine use or seizures.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category D in pregnancy (evidence of fetal risk, but benefits may outweigh risks). Excreted in breast milk, use with caution or avoid during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Known hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death.
CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, barbiturates)
Additive CNS depressant effects.
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, fluconazole)
May increase clonazepam levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Management is primarily supportive, with gastric lavage or activated charcoal if recent ingestion. Flumazenil may be considered but with caution in patients with chronic benzodiazepine use or seizures.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category D in pregnancy (evidence of fetal risk, but benefits may outweigh risks). Excreted in breast milk, use with caution or avoid during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied for efficacy in epilepsy and panic disorder since its introduction. Ongoing research on long-term safety and withdrawal protocols.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (baseline and periodically for long-term use)
- Complete blood count (periodically for long-term use)
Doctor Notes
- Prescribe for the shortest effective duration.
- Warn patients about the risks of dependence and withdrawal.
- Counsel patients on interactions with alcohol and opioids.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop taking this medication abruptly.
- Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.
- Report any unusual mood changes or thoughts of self-harm.
- This medicine may cause drowsiness; avoid driving or operating machinery.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness and decreased alertness; patients should avoid driving or operating machinery until they know how the drug affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Practice good sleep hygiene.
- Manage stress through relaxation techniques.
- Avoid caffeine and other stimulants.
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Global Brand Names
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