Doximar
Generic Name
Doxycycline
Manufacturer
Various manufacturers (Doximar is a brand name, specific manufacturer not universal for 400 mg strength)
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| doximar 400 mg tablet | ৳ 12.00 | ৳ 120.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Doximar 400 mg tablet contains Doxycycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Note: A 400 mg single tablet strength of Doxycycline is highly unusual for human therapeutic use and may be associated with veterinary applications or specific, rare human indications requiring high doses.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical adult oral dosage for most infections is 100-200 mg/day, usually given as 100 mg every 12-24 hours. For severe infections, up to 200 mg twice daily. A single 400 mg tablet is not a standard human dose and specific clinical guidance would be essential if such a product is prescribed.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustments required for elderly patients based on age alone, but renal/hepatic function should be considered.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed in patients with renal impairment due to primary excretion via non-renal routes.
How to Take
Oral administration with a full glass of water, preferably while sitting or standing, to reduce the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration. Can be taken with food if gastric upset occurs, though absorption may be slightly reduced. Avoid lying down for at least 30-60 minutes after taking the dose.
Mechanism of Action
Doxycycline acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, blocking the attachment of aminoacyl tRNA to the acceptor site on the mRNA-ribosome complex. This prevents the addition of amino acids to the growing peptide chain, thus inhibiting bacterial growth and replication.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antimicrobial effects begin within hours of administration.
Excretion
Excreted primarily in feces (via bile) as inactive chelates and in urine as active drug. Renal excretion is about 30-60%, making it suitable for patients with renal impairment.
Half life
Plasma half-life is typically 12-24 hours, allowing for once or twice daily dosing.
Absorption
Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (approximately 90-100%). Absorption is minimally affected by food or dairy products compared to other tetracyclines.
Metabolism
Not extensively metabolized in the liver; some epimerization may occur.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to doxycycline or other tetracyclines
- Children under 8 years of age (due to risk of permanent tooth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia)
- Severe hepatic impairment (caution)
- Pregnancy (especially in the second and third trimesters, due to effects on fetal bone and tooth development)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiates anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Penicillins
May interfere with bactericidal action of penicillin; avoid concomitant use.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity.
Oral contraceptives
May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives, use alternative birth control.
Antacids, iron preparations, bismuth subsalicylate
Decrease doxycycline absorption. Administer 2-3 hours apart.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include severe gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and potentially hepatotoxicity. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion is recent. Doxycycline is not readily removed by hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D: Doxycycline can cause harm to the fetus when administered to a pregnant woman. Avoid during pregnancy, especially during the second and third trimesters, due to risk of permanent tooth discoloration and inhibition of bone growth in the fetus. Lactation: Doxycycline is excreted into breast milk. Breastfeeding is generally not recommended during treatment due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in the nursing infant, including tooth discoloration and effects on bone development.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to doxycycline or other tetracyclines
- Children under 8 years of age (due to risk of permanent tooth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia)
- Severe hepatic impairment (caution)
- Pregnancy (especially in the second and third trimesters, due to effects on fetal bone and tooth development)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiates anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Penicillins
May interfere with bactericidal action of penicillin; avoid concomitant use.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity.
Oral contraceptives
May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives, use alternative birth control.
Antacids, iron preparations, bismuth subsalicylate
Decrease doxycycline absorption. Administer 2-3 hours apart.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include severe gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and potentially hepatotoxicity. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion is recent. Doxycycline is not readily removed by hemodialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D: Doxycycline can cause harm to the fetus when administered to a pregnant woman. Avoid during pregnancy, especially during the second and third trimesters, due to risk of permanent tooth discoloration and inhibition of bone growth in the fetus. Lactation: Doxycycline is excreted into breast milk. Breastfeeding is generally not recommended during treatment due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in the nursing infant, including tooth discoloration and effects on bone development.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 2-3 years from manufacturing date, refer to package for specific expiry.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals (availability of 400 mg tablet specifically may be limited or vary)
Approval Status
Approved (for Doxycycline; specific 400mg tablet status may vary by region or intended use, e.g., veterinary)
Patent Status
Generic available (original patents expired)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied and widely used for various indications since its approval. Ongoing research explores new applications and formulations, including for anti-inflammatory effects and specific rare conditions. However, clinical trials for a 400 mg single tablet for typical human indications are not common.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially in long-term therapy or pre-existing hepatic impairment)
- Kidney function tests (less critical due to non-renal excretion, but baseline assessment recommended)
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) in prolonged therapy
Doctor Notes
- Verify the indication for a 400 mg single dose Doxycycline, as it's highly atypical for human use. Consider if this strength is for veterinary purposes or a specific, high-dose human regimen.
- Emphasize patient counseling on photosensitivity, esophageal irritation prevention, and interactions with dairy/antacids.
- Advise against use in pregnant women and children under 8 years unless critical and no alternatives are available.
Patient Guidelines
- Take with plenty of water to prevent esophageal irritation.
- Avoid lying down for at least 30-60 minutes after taking the medicine.
- Protect skin from sun exposure; use sunscreen and protective clothing.
- Do not take with antacids, iron supplements, or dairy products; separate by at least 2-3 hours.
- Finish the entire course of medication, even if symptoms improve.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Doxycycline may cause dizziness or visual disturbances in some individuals. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good oral hygiene to minimize potential for oral candidiasis.
- Stay hydrated by drinking sufficient fluids.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure and use sun protection (sunscreen, hats, long sleeves).
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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