Droxil
Generic Name
Cefadroxil Monohydrate
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| droxil 125 mg suspension | ৳ 70.21 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Droxil 125 mg Suspension contains Cefadroxil, a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue, and urinary tract infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Generally 500 mg to 1 g orally every 12 hours, depending on the infection severity. (For suspension, consult specific adult suspension guidelines if available).
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients with reduced renal function.
Children
30 mg/kg/day in two divided doses, up to a maximum of 100 mg/kg/day or 4 g/day. For 125 mg/5ml suspension, dosage would be calculated accordingly (e.g., 5ml twice daily for a child weighing approx. 20kg for a 25mg/kg/day dose).
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment is required based on creatinine clearance (e.g., reduced frequency or dose for CrCl < 50 ml/min).
How to Take
Oral administration. Shake the suspension well before each use. Can be taken with or without food. Taking with food may help reduce gastrointestinal upset.
Mechanism of Action
Cefadroxil is a bactericidal antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan units, a crucial step in bacterial cell wall formation. This leads to weakened cell walls and eventual cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within 1 hour.
Excretion
Mainly excreted by the kidneys, primarily through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Approximately 90% is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1.5 to 2 hours in individuals with normal renal function.
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, even in the presence of food. Peak plasma concentrations occur 1-2 hours after administration.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized; primarily excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any penicillin (due to potential for cross-reactivity)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
May decrease renal tubular secretion of cefadroxil, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cefadroxil.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
Concomitant use with cephalosporins may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora and reducing vitamin K synthesis. Monitor INR.
Storage
Store dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, store in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and epigastric distress. In severe cases, neuromuscular hyperexcitability and convulsions may occur. Treatment is primarily symptomatic and supportive. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered. Hemodialysis may be useful in reducing serum concentrations.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefadroxil is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers. Monitor infants for diarrhea or thrush.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any penicillin (due to potential for cross-reactivity)
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
May decrease renal tubular secretion of cefadroxil, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cefadroxil.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
Concomitant use with cephalosporins may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora and reducing vitamin K synthesis. Monitor INR.
Storage
Store dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, store in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and epigastric distress. In severe cases, neuromuscular hyperexcitability and convulsions may occur. Treatment is primarily symptomatic and supportive. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered. Hemodialysis may be useful in reducing serum concentrations.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefadroxil is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers. Monitor infants for diarrhea or thrush.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years for dry powder. After reconstitution, usually 7-14 days when stored in a refrigerator (check specific product leaflet).
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefadroxil has been extensively studied in various clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety against susceptible bacterial infections across different patient populations, including pediatric and adult patients. Studies have focused on its use in respiratory, urinary, and skin infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., BUN, creatinine) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if abnormalities are suspected.
Doctor Notes
- Prescribe with caution in patients with a history of penicillin allergy, monitoring closely for cross-reactivity.
- Adjust dose in renal impairment. Provide clear instructions for reconstitution and storage to parents/caregivers.
- Emphasize completing the full course to prevent resistance.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve, to prevent resistance.
- Shake the suspension well before each use.
- Measure the dose accurately using the provided measuring device.
- Inform your doctor if you experience severe diarrhea or allergic reactions.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cefadroxil generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness or headache occur, avoid these activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during antibiotic therapy.
- Take probiotics to help maintain healthy gut flora, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid sharing this medication with others.
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