Fluconazole
Generic Name
Fluconazole 50 mg tablet
Manufacturer
Various manufacturers (e.g., Square Pharmaceuticals, Beximco Pharmaceuticals)
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| fluconazole 50 mg tablet | ৳ 6.00 | ৳ 60.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections, including vaginal yeast infections, oral thrush, esophageal candidiasis, and systemic candidiasis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies by indication. For vaginal candidiasis, a single 150 mg oral dose is common. For oropharyngeal candidiasis, 50-100 mg once daily for 7-14 days. For systemic infections, higher doses (up to 400 mg daily) may be used.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is necessary for elderly patients with normal renal function. For those with renal impairment, adjust as per renal impairment guidelines.
Renal_impairment
Dose reduction or extended dosing intervals are recommended based on creatinine clearance (e.g., 50% of normal dose if CrCl < 50 mL/min).
How to Take
Fluconazole tablets can be taken with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. For oral thrush, it may be advised to dissolve the tablet slowly in the mouth before swallowing.
Mechanism of Action
Fluconazole inhibits fungal cytochrome P450-dependent 14-alpha-demethylase, which is essential for ergosterol synthesis in the fungal cell membrane. This inhibition leads to the accumulation of 14-alpha-methyl sterols and a subsequent decrease in ergosterol, disrupting the fungal cell membrane and inhibiting fungal growth.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours (peak plasma concentration).
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in urine (approximately 80% of the dose).
Half life
Approximately 30 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, bioavailability > 90%.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized; primarily by CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to fluconazole or other azole antifungals
- •Co-administration with terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, pimozide, quinidine, or erythromycin due to risk of QT prolongation and torsades de pointes
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased prothrombin time, risk of bleeding.
Phenytoin
Increased phenytoin levels, monitor for toxicity.
Rifampicin
Decreased fluconazole levels, consider increasing fluconazole dose.
Hydrochlorothiazide
Increased plasma fluconazole levels.
Oral Hypoglycemics (sulfonylureas)
Increased plasma concentration of sulfonylureas, risk of hypoglycemia.
Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus
Increased plasma levels of these immunosuppressants, monitor levels and adjust dose.
Benzodiazepines (e.g., midazolam, triazolam)
Increased benzodiazepine levels due to inhibition of CYP3A4 metabolism.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include hallucinations and paranoid behavior. Management involves symptomatic treatment and supportive measures. Gastric lavage may be considered. Hemodialysis significantly reduces plasma levels of fluconazole.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D (single dose for vaginal candidiasis is C). Use in pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Fluconazole is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved by FDA and DGDA
Patent Status
Expired (generic available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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