Forane
Generic Name
Isoflurane
Manufacturer
Baxter Healthcare (Original developer), various generics
Country
USA (original), Global production
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| forane 100 v solution for inhalation | ৳ 3,666.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Forane (Isoflurane) is a volatile liquid for inhalation that produces general anesthesia. It is used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in surgical procedures.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Induction: 0.5-3.0% concentration. Maintenance: 1.0-2.5% concentration with N2O; 0.5-5.0% with O2/air.
Elderly
Lower concentrations may be required due to decreased MAC (Minimum Alveolar Concentration).
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment for renal impairment, as metabolism is minimal.
How to Take
Administered by trained personnel using a calibrated vaporizer. Inhaled via a face mask or endotracheal tube.
Mechanism of Action
Isoflurane produces general anesthesia by binding to and activating GABA-A receptors, potentiating inhibitory neurotransmission. It also affects other ion channels and receptors, leading to decreased neuronal excitability and central nervous system depression.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (1-2 minutes for induction).
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged via the lungs (95% within 4 hours).
Half life
Elimination half-life is short, but not easily quantifiable due to continuous administration and rapid elimination.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed via the lungs; peak effect achieved quickly.
Metabolism
Minimal hepatic metabolism (<0.2%).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Known sensitivity to isoflurane or other halogenated agents
- •Known or suspected genetic susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia
- •History of hepatitis or unexplained fever after previous halogenated anesthetic exposure
Drug Interactions
MAOIs
Avoid concomitant use due to potential for hypertensive crisis.
Opioids
Increased respiratory depression, synergistic effect on anesthesia.
Neuromuscular blockers
Potentiates the effect of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, requiring lower doses.
Beta-blockers/Calcium channel blockers
Increased risk of myocardial depression.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20-25°C) away from light and heat. Keep container tightly closed.
Overdose
Symptoms include profound respiratory depression, cardiovascular depression, and bradycardia. Management involves stopping administration, ensuring airway patency, assisted ventilation, and cardiovascular support.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if clearly needed. Minimal excretion into breast milk, generally considered safe for breastfeeding after a short waiting period.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 3-5 years, refer to product label.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics with surgical facilities
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies globally
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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