Glipatab
Generic Name
Vildagliptin
Manufacturer
Example Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| glipatab 25 mg tablet | ৳ 32.00 | ৳ 320.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Glipatab 25 mg Tablet contains Vildagliptin, an oral antidiabetic medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps to control blood sugar levels by increasing the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas and reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver, primarily in combination with other antidiabetic agents or as monotherapy.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The recommended dose of Vildagliptin is 50 mg or 100 mg daily. Glipatab 25 mg tablet can be used to achieve these doses, typically as 25 mg twice daily or two 25 mg tablets once daily (for 50 mg dose), or as directed by a physician, based on individual patient response and tolerability.
Elderly
No dose adjustment is required in elderly patients. However, renal function should be assessed before initiating Glipatab 25 mg and at regular intervals thereafter.
Renal_impairment
For patients with moderate or severe renal impairment, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the recommended dose is 50 mg once daily (e.g., two Glipatab 25 mg tablets once daily). In some cases, a doctor may prescribe 25 mg once daily based on the severity of impairment.
How to Take
Glipatab 25 mg Tablet should be taken orally with or without food. It can be taken at any time of day, but consistency in timing is advisable.
Mechanism of Action
Vildagliptin is a potent and selective inhibitor of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4). By inhibiting DPP-4, Vildagliptin increases the circulating levels of the incretin hormones GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). These hormones enhance insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and suppress glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, both in a glucose-dependent manner. This leads to improved glycemic control.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 2-3 hours.
Excretion
Approximately 85% is excreted renally, with 15% excreted via feces.
Half life
Approximately 3 hours (terminal half-life).
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1-2 hours. Absolute oral bioavailability is 85%.
Metabolism
Primarily hydrolyzed into an inactive main metabolite by an enzyme called N-dealkylation. Minimal involvement of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or any of the excipients.
- Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
- Severe heart failure (NYHA Class III-IV).
- Severe hepatic impairment or elevated baseline liver enzymes.
Drug Interactions
ACE Inhibitors
Increased risk of angioedema when co-administered. Caution is advised, especially in patients with a history of angioedema.
Digoxin, Warfarin, Amlodipine
No clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions have been observed.
Thiazide diuretics, Corticosteroids, Thyroid products
These agents may reduce the glucose-lowering effect of Vildagliptin. Blood glucose monitoring is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C (86°F) in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not freeze.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Vildagliptin can be removed by hemodialysis, with approximately 3% of the dose removed over a 3-4 hour dialysis session.
Pregnancy & Lactation
There are insufficient data on the use of Vildagliptin in pregnant women. Animal studies indicate reproductive toxicity. Therefore, Glipatab 25 mg Tablet is not recommended during pregnancy. It is unknown if Vildagliptin is excreted in human milk, so its use during lactation is also not recommended. Consult your doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or any of the excipients.
- Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
- Severe heart failure (NYHA Class III-IV).
- Severe hepatic impairment or elevated baseline liver enzymes.
Drug Interactions
ACE Inhibitors
Increased risk of angioedema when co-administered. Caution is advised, especially in patients with a history of angioedema.
Digoxin, Warfarin, Amlodipine
No clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions have been observed.
Thiazide diuretics, Corticosteroids, Thyroid products
These agents may reduce the glucose-lowering effect of Vildagliptin. Blood glucose monitoring is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C (86°F) in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not freeze.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Vildagliptin can be removed by hemodialysis, with approximately 3% of the dose removed over a 3-4 hour dialysis session.
Pregnancy & Lactation
There are insufficient data on the use of Vildagliptin in pregnant women. Animal studies indicate reproductive toxicity. Therefore, Glipatab 25 mg Tablet is not recommended during pregnancy. It is unknown if Vildagliptin is excreted in human milk, so its use during lactation is also not recommended. Consult your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies worldwide
Approval Status
Approved (globally)
Patent Status
Generic available
Clinical Trials
Vildagliptin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in type 2 diabetes, both as monotherapy and in combination with various other antidiabetic agents. Studies have shown its cardiovascular safety profile.
Lab Monitoring
- HbA1c levels (regularly, typically every 3-6 months, to assess glycemic control)
- Renal function (e.g., eGFR) (before initiation and periodically thereafter, especially for dose adjustment)
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase) (before initiation and periodically during treatment, particularly if symptoms of liver dysfunction appear)
Doctor Notes
- Assess renal function (eGFR) prior to initiation and periodically thereafter to guide appropriate dosing.
- Monitor liver enzymes (ALT) periodically, especially if elevated values are detected, or if patients develop symptoms suggestive of liver injury.
- Educate patients on hypoglycemia symptoms and management strategies, particularly if Vildagliptin is used in combination with sulfonylurea or insulin.
- Consider the risk of angioedema when co-administering with ACE inhibitors.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor and do not alter the dose without consultation.
- Do not stop taking Glipatab 25 mg without consulting your doctor, even if you feel better.
- Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly as advised by your healthcare provider and report any unusual changes.
- Be aware of the symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and how to manage them, especially if you are on combination therapy.
- Report any signs of pancreatitis (severe abdominal pain), liver problems (yellow skin/eyes, dark urine), or severe allergic reactions immediately to your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose of Glipatab 25 mg Tablet, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Glipatab 25 mg Tablet has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, if you experience dizziness, avoid driving or operating machinery until you feel well.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet and follow a meal plan recommended by your dietitian to help manage blood sugar.
- Engage in regular physical activity as appropriate for your health condition to improve glucose metabolism.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can affect blood sugar levels.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.
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