Histamin
Generic Name
histamin-2-mg-syrup
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| histamin 2 mg syrup | ৳ 10.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Histamin-2-mg-syrup contains an active antihistamine ingredient (likely Chlorphenamine Maleate) that helps relieve symptoms of allergies such as runny nose, sneezing, itchy or watery eyes, and itchy throat or skin. It works by blocking histamine, a natural substance that the body makes during an allergic reaction.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Adults and children over 12 years: 10 ml (4 mg) every 4-6 hours. Max 60 ml (24 mg) in 24 hours.
Elderly
Use with caution. Start with lower doses (e.g., 5 ml every 4-6 hours) due to increased susceptibility to side effects, especially sedation and anticholinergic effects.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment may be necessary in severe renal impairment. Consult physician.
How to Take
Oral administration. Administer with or without food. Use a measuring spoon or cup for accurate dosing.
Mechanism of Action
The active ingredient (e.g., Chlorphenamine Maleate) is an alkylamine antihistamine that acts as a competitive antagonist of histamine H1-receptors. It prevents the effects of histamine, such as vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and itching, which are mediated by H1-receptors.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
30-60 minutes
Excretion
Primarily excreted in the urine as inactive metabolites and some unchanged drug.
Half life
Approximately 12-43 hours (highly variable)
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients
- Newborns or premature infants
- Patients with lower respiratory tract symptoms, including asthma
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Urinary retention (e.g., due to prostatic hypertrophy)
Drug Interactions
MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
Prolonged and intensified anticholinergic effects and CNS depression.
Anticholinergics (e.g., atropine, tricyclic antidepressants)
Additive anticholinergic effects, increased risk of urinary retention and dry mouth.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, hypnotics, sedatives, tranquilizers)
Increased sedative effect.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms: Central nervous system depression (sedation, apnea, cardiovascular collapse), or CNS stimulation (insomnia, hallucinations, tremors, convulsions). Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, flushing, gastrointestinal symptoms). Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Induce emesis or perform gastric lavage. Administer activated charcoal. Maintain blood pressure with vasopressors. Use anticonvulsants for seizures.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B (for Chlorphenamine). Use only if clearly needed. Consult a doctor. Not recommended during the third trimester as antihistamines may cause adverse effects in newborns. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised during lactation, as it may cause drowsiness in the infant and reduce milk supply.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients
- Newborns or premature infants
- Patients with lower respiratory tract symptoms, including asthma
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Urinary retention (e.g., due to prostatic hypertrophy)
Drug Interactions
MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
Prolonged and intensified anticholinergic effects and CNS depression.
Anticholinergics (e.g., atropine, tricyclic antidepressants)
Additive anticholinergic effects, increased risk of urinary retention and dry mouth.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, hypnotics, sedatives, tranquilizers)
Increased sedative effect.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms: Central nervous system depression (sedation, apnea, cardiovascular collapse), or CNS stimulation (insomnia, hallucinations, tremors, convulsions). Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, flushing, gastrointestinal symptoms). Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Induce emesis or perform gastric lavage. Administer activated charcoal. Maintain blood pressure with vasopressors. Use anticonvulsants for seizures.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B (for Chlorphenamine). Use only if clearly needed. Consult a doctor. Not recommended during the third trimester as antihistamines may cause adverse effects in newborns. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised during lactation, as it may cause drowsiness in the infant and reduce milk supply.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date when stored correctly.
Availability
Pharmacies, drugstores
Approval Status
Approved by drug regulatory authorities (e.g., DGDA, FDA for similar compounds)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied since its introduction. Numerous clinical trials support its efficacy and safety for allergic conditions. Ongoing research primarily focuses on comparative effectiveness or new formulations.
Lab Monitoring
- No routine lab monitoring typically required for short-term use.
- Liver and kidney function tests in prolonged use or in patients with pre-existing conditions.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on potential for drowsiness and avoidance of activities requiring mental alertness.
- Advise caution with concomitant use of other CNS depressants, including alcohol.
- Consider anticholinergic burden in elderly patients or those with pre-existing conditions like glaucoma or prostatic hypertrophy.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
- Avoid alcohol while taking this medicine.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. Do not drive or operate machinery until you are sure you are not affected.
Lifestyle Advice
- Identify and avoid known allergens if possible.
- Maintain good hydration.
- Ensure adequate rest, especially if experiencing drowsiness.
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