Janvia
Generic Name
Sitagliptin
Manufacturer
MSD (Merck Sharp & Dohme) - original discoverer/developer; various generic manufacturers
Country
USA (originator)
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| janvia 100 mg tablet | ৳ 28.08 | ৳ 280.80 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Janvia (Sitagliptin) is an oral anti-hyperglycemic drug used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The recommended dose is 100 mg once daily, taken orally with or without food.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is recommended based solely on age. However, renal function should be assessed, especially in elderly patients.
Renal_impairment
For moderate renal impairment (CrCl ≥30 to <50 mL/min), the dose is 50 mg once daily. For severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis, the dose is 25 mg once daily.
How to Take
Take Janvia tablet orally once daily, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Sitagliptin inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which is responsible for the inactivation of incretin hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)). By inhibiting DPP-4, sitagliptin increases the levels of active incretin hormones, which, in turn, enhance glucose-dependent insulin release from pancreatic beta cells and decrease glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells. This leads to improved glycemic control.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within hours of administration, with effects on glucose control observed within a few days.
Excretion
Primarily renal excretion of unchanged drug. Approximately 79% of the dose is excreted unchanged in urine.
Half life
The terminal elimination half-life is approximately 12.4 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) reached in 1 to 4 hours. Absolute oral bioavailability is approximately 87%.
Metabolism
Limited metabolism, primarily by CYP3A4, with a minor contribution from CYP2C8. Approximately 16% of the dose is metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to sitagliptin or any component of the tablet.
- •Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Sitagliptin may cause a slight increase in digoxin plasma concentrations (AUC and Cmax). Monitor digoxin levels when initiating sitagliptin.
ACE inhibitors
Coadministration with ACE inhibitors may increase the risk of angioedema in patients taking sitagliptin.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from moisture and light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In the event of an overdose, it is reasonable to employ supportive measures, e.g., remove unabsorbed material from the GI tract, employ clinical monitoring, and institute clinical status-driven supportive therapy. Sitagliptin is modestly dialyzable.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Sitagliptin is excreted in the milk of lactating rats; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman. Consult your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Patent expired in many regions; generics available
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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