Adults

The usual adult dose is 250 mg every 6 hours or 500 mg every 12 hours. For severe infections, the dose may be increased to 1 g every 6-12 hours. (Note: Keor 100 mg suspension is primarily for pediatric use)

Elderly

No specific dose adjustment is generally required for the elderly with normal renal function. Monitor renal function.

Pediatric

The usual recommended pediatric dose is 25-50 mg/kg/day in divided doses. For severe infections, the dose may be increased to 50-100 mg/kg/day in divided doses, not exceeding 4 g/day. For Keor 100 mg/5 ml suspension, this translates to specific ml doses based on weight.

Renal_impairment

Dosage adjustment is necessary in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 ml/min). A reduced dose or extended dosing interval may be required.

Onset

Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1 hour after administration.

Excretion

Excreted rapidly by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, achieving high concentrations in urine.

Half life

Approximately 0.5 to 1.2 hours in adults with normal renal function.

Absorption

Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, even in the presence of food.

Metabolism

Not significantly metabolized; primarily excreted as unchanged drug.

Metformin

Concomitant use with metformin may increase metformin plasma concentrations. Monitor for metformin-related adverse effects.

Probenecid

Probenecid may decrease the renal excretion of cephalexin, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cephalexin.

Other Nephrotoxic drugs

Concomitant administration with other nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides) should be done with caution, as it may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.

Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)

Cephalexin may increase the anticoagulant effect of Warfarin. Monitor INR closely.