Ketolab
Generic Name
Ketorolac Tromethamine
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ketolab 10 mg tablet | ৳ 20.00 | ৳ 200.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ketorolac Tromethamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for the short-term management of moderately severe acute pain. It is often used post-operatively or for musculoskeletal pain.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Oral: 10 mg every 4-6 hours as needed, not to exceed 40 mg/day. Maximum duration of treatment is 5 days.
Elderly
Lower doses recommended due to increased risk of adverse effects, monitor renal function.
Renal_impairment
Contraindicated in severe renal impairment. Dose reduction necessary in mild to moderate impairment.
How to Take
Take orally with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Do not chew or crush the tablet.
Mechanism of Action
Ketorolac exerts its analgesic effect by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes, thereby reducing inflammation, pain, and fever.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Analgesic effect begins within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Mainly renal, primarily as metabolites and some unchanged drug.
Half life
Approximately 4-6 hours.
Absorption
Rapid and complete oral absorption.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic, via hydroxylation and conjugation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Active peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, or perforation
- History of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic reactions to aspirin or other NSAIDs
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min)
- Advanced hepatic impairment
- Coagulation disorders or patients on anticoagulants
- Peri-operative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery
- Pregnancy (especially third trimester) and lactation
- Children under 16 years of age
Drug Interactions
SSRIs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Lithium, Methotrexate
Increased plasma concentrations and toxicity of these drugs.
Other NSAIDs or Aspirin
Increased risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects.
Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, ARBs
Reduced antihypertensive and diuretic effects, increased risk of renal impairment.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin, Heparin)
Increased risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy due to risks of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus and renal dysfunction. Generally avoided throughout pregnancy and during lactation as it can be excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in infants.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Active peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, or perforation
- History of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic reactions to aspirin or other NSAIDs
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min)
- Advanced hepatic impairment
- Coagulation disorders or patients on anticoagulants
- Peri-operative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery
- Pregnancy (especially third trimester) and lactation
- Children under 16 years of age
Drug Interactions
SSRIs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Lithium, Methotrexate
Increased plasma concentrations and toxicity of these drugs.
Other NSAIDs or Aspirin
Increased risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects.
Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, ARBs
Reduced antihypertensive and diuretic effects, increased risk of renal impairment.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin, Heparin)
Increased risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy due to risks of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus and renal dysfunction. Generally avoided throughout pregnancy and during lactation as it can be excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in infants.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 years from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of Ketorolac Tromethamine for acute pain management, supporting its use in various clinical settings. Ongoing research continues to explore its optimal application and risk mitigation strategies.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (serum creatinine, BUN)
- Liver function (ALT, AST)
- Complete blood count (especially for signs of GI bleeding if long-term use, though not recommended)
Doctor Notes
- Carefully assess patient's gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular risk factors before prescribing.
- Prescribe the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration, not exceeding 5 days.
- Ensure adequate hydration, especially in elderly patients and those with pre-existing kidney conditions.
Patient Guidelines
- Take this medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor and do not exceed the recommended dose or duration.
- Report any severe stomach pain, black or tarry stools, or unusual bleeding/bruising immediately.
- Avoid taking other NSAIDs or aspirin without consulting your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ketorolac may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or visual disturbances. Exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid alcohol consumption while taking ketorolac as it increases the risk of stomach irritation and bleeding.
- Stay well-hydrated, especially if you are elderly or have pre-existing kidney conditions.
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