Kilpro
Generic Name
kilpro-500-mg-injection
Manufacturer
Example Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| kilpro 500 mg injection | ৳ 75.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Kilpro 500 mg Injection contains Ceftriaxone, a broad-spectrum third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is used to treat various bacterial infections including those of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, as well as sepsis and meningitis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Usual adult dose is 1-2 g administered once daily (every 24 hours) either intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM). For severe infections, up to 4 g daily in divided doses may be given. For Kilpro 500 mg, 1-2 vials per day usually.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients, unless severe renal or hepatic impairment is present.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min), dosage should not exceed 2 g daily without careful monitoring.
How to Take
For intramuscular (IM) administration, dissolve the powder in the supplied diluent and inject deep into a large muscle. For intravenous (IV) administration, dissolve and infuse over 30 minutes. Do not mix with calcium-containing solutions.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan units, leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 2-3 hours for therapeutic concentrations.
Excretion
Approximately 50-60% excreted unchanged in urine, and 40-50% excreted via bile into feces.
Half life
Approximately 5.8 to 8.7 hours in adults, longer in neonates and patients with renal/hepatic impairment.
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption after intramuscular (IM) administration. Intravenous (IV) administration provides 100% bioavailability.
Metabolism
Metabolized to inactive compounds in the liver and gut, primarily by the formation of microbiologically inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ceftriaxone or other cephalosporins, or to any component of the formulation.
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants, due to risk of bilirubin encephalopathy.
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing intravenous solutions due to precipitation risk.
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
May increase nephrotoxicity, although this interaction is more commonly seen with other cephalosporins.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use is contraindicated in neonates. In older patients, ceftriaxone and calcium-containing solutions should not be administered simultaneously via the same intravenous line.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase the anticoagulant effect and risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of INR is recommended.
Storage
Store below 25°C (77°F), protect from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or within 6-24 hours depending on storage conditions (e.g., refrigeration).
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are generally not effective in removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy should be considered only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ceftriaxone or other cephalosporins, or to any component of the formulation.
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants, due to risk of bilirubin encephalopathy.
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing intravenous solutions due to precipitation risk.
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
May increase nephrotoxicity, although this interaction is more commonly seen with other cephalosporins.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use is contraindicated in neonates. In older patients, ceftriaxone and calcium-containing solutions should not be administered simultaneously via the same intravenous line.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase the anticoagulant effect and risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of INR is recommended.
Storage
Store below 25°C (77°F), protect from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or within 6-24 hours depending on storage conditions (e.g., refrigeration).
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are generally not effective in removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy should be considered only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture. Refer to the specific packaging for exact expiry date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ceftriaxone has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor its long-term effects and rare adverse events.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) with differential
- Liver function tests (LFTs)
- Renal function tests (RFTs) for prolonged therapy
- Coagulation parameters if concomitant anticoagulants are used
Doctor Notes
- Always perform a thorough patient history, including allergies, before administration.
- Monitor renal and hepatic function, especially during prolonged therapy or in patients with pre-existing impairment.
- Be aware of the potential for ceftriaxone-calcium precipitation, particularly in neonates.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve, to prevent resistance.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects to your doctor immediately.
- Do not self-medicate or share this medicine with others.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness in some individuals. If you experience dizziness, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Ensure adequate rest to aid recovery.
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Global Brand Names
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