Lebac
Generic Name
Levofloxacin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| lebac 500 mg injection | ৳ 65.19 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including pneumonia, sinusitis, skin infections, and urinary tract infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typically 500 mg IV once daily, infused over 60 minutes, for 7 to 14 days depending on the type and severity of infection.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary based on renal function. Close monitoring is recommended.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is required based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl 20-49 mL/min, initial 500 mg, then 250 mg every 24 hours. For CrCl 10-19 mL/min, initial 500 mg, then 250 mg every 48 hours.
How to Take
Lebac 500 mg injection is administered intravenously. It should be infused slowly over a period of 60 minutes to minimize the risk of adverse reactions.
Mechanism of Action
Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within hours for IV administration.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys (about 87% within 48 hours).
Half life
Approximately 6-8 hours.
Absorption
Intravenous administration provides 100% bioavailability. Oral absorption is rapid and almost complete.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized in the liver (less than 5% of the dose).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, other fluoroquinolones, or any component of the formulation.
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use.
- Patients with epilepsy or other seizure disorders.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures when co-administered with fluoroquinolones.
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. INR monitoring is advised.
Corticosteroids
Concomitant use increases the risk of tendon rupture, especially in elderly patients.
Antidiabetic agents (insulin, oral hypoglycemics)
May cause dysglycemia (hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia). Monitor blood glucose levels.
Antacids (Mg/Al), Sucralfate, Metal cations (iron, zinc)
Reduce absorption of levofloxacin if taken concurrently. Administer levofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature, below 30°C (86°F). Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing levofloxacin from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Levofloxacin is excreted into human breast milk; therefore, caution should be exercised when administering to a nursing mother. Alternatives may be considered.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, other fluoroquinolones, or any component of the formulation.
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use.
- Patients with epilepsy or other seizure disorders.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures when co-administered with fluoroquinolones.
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. INR monitoring is advised.
Corticosteroids
Concomitant use increases the risk of tendon rupture, especially in elderly patients.
Antidiabetic agents (insulin, oral hypoglycemics)
May cause dysglycemia (hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia). Monitor blood glucose levels.
Antacids (Mg/Al), Sucralfate, Metal cations (iron, zinc)
Reduce absorption of levofloxacin if taken concurrently. Administer levofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature, below 30°C (86°F). Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing levofloxacin from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Levofloxacin is excreted into human breast milk; therefore, caution should be exercised when administering to a nursing mother. Alternatives may be considered.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin in treating a wide range of bacterial infections across various patient populations, leading to its widespread approval and use.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine clearance) before and during treatment, especially in elderly or renally impaired patients.
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST, bilirubin) if hepatic dysfunction is suspected or with prolonged therapy.
- Blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
- INR in patients on concomitant warfarin therapy.
Doctor Notes
- Carefully assess patient history for prior fluoroquinolone reactions, especially tendinopathy.
- Monitor renal function closely, particularly in elderly patients and those with pre-existing kidney disease, and adjust dose accordingly.
- Educate patients about the black box warnings, emphasizing the importance of reporting tendon pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness immediately.
- Avoid concomitant use with antacids, iron, or zinc salts. Administer at least 2 hours apart.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full prescribed course of treatment, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the development of drug-resistant bacteria.
- Report any pain, swelling, or inflammation of tendons immediately. Discontinue the medicine and consult a doctor.
- Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight or artificial UV light, as fluoroquinolones can increase photosensitivity.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, including over-the-counter drugs, herbal supplements, and vitamins.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, it should be administered as soon as remembered, unless it is almost time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not administer a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Levofloxacin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, visual disturbances, or affect coordination. Patients should be cautioned against driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids during treatment.
- Avoid strenuous physical activity that may strain tendons, especially during treatment and for several months afterward.
- Avoid alcohol consumption as it may worsen dizziness or other CNS side effects.
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