Levosina
Generic Name
Levofloxacin
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| levosina 500 mg tablet | ৳ 15.50 | ৳ 155.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Levosina 500 mg Tablet contains Levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and certain sexually transmitted diseases.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Usually 500 mg once daily for 7 to 14 days, depending on the type and severity of infection. For certain infections (e.g., severe pneumonia), 750 mg once daily might be used.
Elderly
Dose adjustment is generally not required for elderly patients unless there is significant renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment is necessary based on creatinine clearance (CrCl). For CrCl 20-49 mL/min, initial dose 500 mg then 250 mg every 24 hours. For CrCl 10-19 mL/min, initial dose 500 mg then 250 mg every 48 hours.
How to Take
Take Levosina 500 mg Tablet orally, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew.
Mechanism of Action
Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to disruption of bacterial DNA and cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Varies by infection type and severity, typically within hours to days for noticeable improvement.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in urine, mainly via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Renal clearance is a major elimination pathway.
Half life
Approximately 6-8 hours, allowing for once-daily dosing.
Absorption
Rapid and complete oral absorption. Bioavailability is approximately 99-100%. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1-2 hours after oral administration.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized in the liver; less than 5% of the dose is recovered as metabolites in urine.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, other fluoroquinolones, or any component of the formulation
- History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone administration
- Epilepsy or other seizure disorders
- Children and adolescents (under 18 years of age) due to risk of cartilage damage
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Monitor INR closely.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture when co-administered with corticosteroids.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Co-administration with NSAIDs may increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Antacids (containing magnesium or aluminum), Sucralfate, Iron preparations, Zinc preparations
Can significantly reduce the oral absorption of levofloxacin. Administer levofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include central nervous system effects such as confusion, dizziness, seizures, and prolonged QT interval. Management involves gastric lavage, symptomatic and supportive treatment. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing levofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Levofloxacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to potential risks to the fetus/infant, including cartilage damage. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk, and under strict medical supervision.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, other fluoroquinolones, or any component of the formulation
- History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone administration
- Epilepsy or other seizure disorders
- Children and adolescents (under 18 years of age) due to risk of cartilage damage
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Monitor INR closely.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture when co-administered with corticosteroids.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Co-administration with NSAIDs may increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Antacids (containing magnesium or aluminum), Sucralfate, Iron preparations, Zinc preparations
Can significantly reduce the oral absorption of levofloxacin. Administer levofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include central nervous system effects such as confusion, dizziness, seizures, and prolonged QT interval. Management involves gastric lavage, symptomatic and supportive treatment. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing levofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Levofloxacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to potential risks to the fetus/infant, including cartilage damage. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk, and under strict medical supervision.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
DGDA Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Levofloxacin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor for adverse effects.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine clearance) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy
- Liver function tests (e.g., ALT, AST) in patients with hepatic dysfunction or during prolonged therapy
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) if there is risk for QTc prolongation (e.g., electrolyte imbalances, concomitant drugs)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of levofloxacin to patients to prevent resistance and ensure treatment efficacy.
- Counsel patients on potential serious adverse effects, including tendinitis/rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects, and to report symptoms immediately.
- Consider dose adjustment in patients with renal impairment and monitor QTc interval in at-risk patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire course of medication as prescribed by your doctor, even if your symptoms improve sooner.
- Avoid excessive exposure to direct sunlight or artificial UV light (e.g., sunlamps, tanning beds) while taking this medicine and for several days after stopping it, as it may cause photosensitivity.
- Report any pain, swelling, or inflammation of a tendon (especially in the Achilles tendon) immediately to your doctor.
- Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids during treatment.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Levosina 500 mg Tablet may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol if they exacerbate side effects like insomnia or dizziness.
- Maintain a balanced diet to support overall health during recovery.
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