Lucon
Generic Name
Fluconazole
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| lucon 150 mg capsule | ৳ 22.15 | ৳ 221.45 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections, including vaginal candidiasis, oral candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and other systemic fungal infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Vaginal Candidiasis: 150 mg single oral dose. Oropharyngeal Candidiasis: 50-200 mg daily for 7-14 days. Esophageal Candidiasis: 100-400 mg daily for 14-30 days. Cryptococcal Meningitis: 400 mg on day 1, then 200-400 mg daily for 10-12 weeks.
Elderly
No dose adjustment is generally required unless there is evidence of renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
Dosage should be reduced based on creatinine clearance (e.g., 50% for CrCl < 50 mL/min).
How to Take
Take the capsule orally with or without food. Swallow the capsule whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Fluconazole works by inhibiting fungal cytochrome P450-dependent 14α-demethylation of lanosterol, which is an essential step in fungal ergosterol biosynthesis. This leads to an accumulation of 14α-methyl sterols and a subsequent decrease in ergosterol, thereby disrupting fungal cell membrane integrity and function.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects are typically observed within a few days to a week, depending on the infection.
Excretion
Mainly renal; about 80% of the dose is excreted unchanged in urine.
Half life
Approximately 30 hours, allowing for once-daily dosing.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, with bioavailability over 90%. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized; primarily excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to fluconazole or other azole antifungals
- Co-administration with terfenadine or cisapride (due to risk of serious cardiac arrhythmias)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased prothrombin time (PT) and INR, leading to increased bleeding risk.
Phenytoin
Increased plasma phenytoin concentrations.
Rifampicin
Decreased fluconazole plasma concentrations.
Cyclosporine
Increased plasma cyclosporine levels.
Terfenadine, Cisapride, Astemizole
Increased plasma levels, leading to increased risk of serious cardiac arrhythmias.
Oral Hypoglycemics (e.g., sulfonylureas)
Increased plasma concentrations of oral hypoglycemics, leading to hypoglycemia.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, supportive and symptomatic treatment should be initiated. Gastric lavage may be considered. Hemodialysis significantly reduces plasma concentrations.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D (high doses). Should be avoided during pregnancy unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; caution advised during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to fluconazole or other azole antifungals
- Co-administration with terfenadine or cisapride (due to risk of serious cardiac arrhythmias)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased prothrombin time (PT) and INR, leading to increased bleeding risk.
Phenytoin
Increased plasma phenytoin concentrations.
Rifampicin
Decreased fluconazole plasma concentrations.
Cyclosporine
Increased plasma cyclosporine levels.
Terfenadine, Cisapride, Astemizole
Increased plasma levels, leading to increased risk of serious cardiac arrhythmias.
Oral Hypoglycemics (e.g., sulfonylureas)
Increased plasma concentrations of oral hypoglycemics, leading to hypoglycemia.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, supportive and symptomatic treatment should be initiated. Gastric lavage may be considered. Hemodialysis significantly reduces plasma concentrations.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D (high doses). Should be avoided during pregnancy unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; caution advised during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Patent expired for generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Fluconazole has undergone extensive clinical trials for its efficacy and safety in various fungal infections, leading to its widespread approval and use since the 1990s.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (LFTs) should be monitored periodically, especially during prolonged therapy.
- Renal function tests may be considered in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on completing the full course to prevent resistance and recurrence.
- Monitor liver function tests (LFTs) for patients on prolonged therapy or with pre-existing hepatic impairment.
- Be aware of significant drug interactions, especially with warfarin, phenytoin, and drugs prolonging QT interval.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if your symptoms improve.
- Do not share this medicine with others.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Fluconazole may cause dizziness or seizures in some individuals. If you experience these side effects, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene to prevent recurrence of fungal infections.
- Avoid sharing personal items like towels or clothing that may spread fungal infections.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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